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Hemopoesis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cells in a normal blood

A

WBC
RBC
Platelets

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2
Q

What is situated within the cavity of a bone

A

Red spongy tissue

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3
Q

Hematopoietic stem cells gives rise to all the cells in the blood. T/F

A

True

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4
Q

Cells in the blood are made inside the blood vessels. T/F

A

False! They are made in the bone marrow

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5
Q

What are the two types of hematopoietic stem cells?

A

Myeloid and lymphoid cells

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6
Q

What are the two lymphoid cells?

A

T cells and B cells

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7
Q

What lymphoid cell is referred to as a naked nucleus and why?

A

T cell! Because the nucleus is so large it looks like the nucleus isn’t surrounded by cytoplasm

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8
Q

What gives RBC its colour?

A

Haemoglobin

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9
Q

T/F
RBC have nuclei
The periphery of RBC is less thicker than the centre

A

False
False

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10
Q

What cells give rise to platelets?

A

Megakaryocytes

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11
Q

What is an example of a WBC that has its nucleus in one piece?

A

Monocytes

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12
Q

How do monocytes fight bacteria and virus?

A

They engulf them in a what that’s looks like they are eating them up

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13
Q

What WBC has the bean shaped appearance

A

Monocytes

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14
Q

An example of a multisegmented nuclei is?

A

Neutrophil

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15
Q

What are the main components of pimples?

A

Neutrophil

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16
Q

What cell has bright blue granules in its cytoplasm?

A

Basophils

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17
Q

What cell has bright red granules in it’s cytoplasm and has a nucleus in two piece

A

Eosinophils

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18
Q

Eosinophil, basophil and neutrophil all develop from?

A

Myeloblast

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19
Q

During gestation(3rd month) stem cells migrate from where to where?

A

Yolk sac to liver, spleen and lymph nodes

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20
Q

By the 4th week of gestation some stem cells move from where to where?

A

Liver, spleen and lymph nodes to the Bone marrow

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21
Q

Blood formation occurs mainly where?

A

Bone marrow

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22
Q

Where does blood form in developing fetus in first 1-3 months?

A

Yolk sac

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23
Q

Blood formation moves to the liver in the 4th month of IUL. T/F

A

True

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24
Q

By the end of the 4th month blood formation in the liver begins to increase. T/F

A

False. Decrease

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25
The liver and spleen no longer forms blood by what month?
6th-7th month
26
Between what months after birth do all bones in the body form blood
7th month of IUL—24months after birth
27
After age 3 years blood formation begins to decrease for some bones in the body. T/F
False. 2 years
28
Despite the decrease/stoppage of blood in bones of the body after maturation some bones still form blood what are they?
Bone of the base of the skull Vertebral column Rib cage Shoulder girdle Pelvic girdle
29
After the age of — years blood formation in long bones disappears or decreases
18years
30
What’s the name of the factor within the bone marrow that forms blood called?
Haematopoetic inductive micro environment
31
Describe the blood supply to bone
Nutrient artery
32
The outer and inner surface of HIM is called?
Luminal and Abluminal surface
33
Blood flows past HIM hence whatever surface blood is touching is lined by?
Endothelial cells
34
The abluminal surface is lined by?
Adipocytes Fibroblasts Reticular/adventitia cells Marrow stromal cells Macrophages
35
Adventitia cells are responsible for?
Secretion of reticulin fibers into the matrix tissue into the HIM space
36
Fibroblasts and stroma secrete what?
Collagen I,III, IV into the HIM space
37
All abluminal cells synthesize and secrete into HIM space what component?
Aminoglycans
38
Examples of Aminoglycan
Hyaluronic acid Heparan sulphate Chondroitin(IV)sulphate Dermatan
39
Abluminal cells also secrete what?
Haematopoetic Growth factors GCSF GMCSF
40
What are other proteins that help promote Haemopoesis
Fibronectin Hemonectin Vitronectin Laminin Tenascin Endoglin
41
What do proteins like fibronectin do?
Ensure that immature hematopoietic cells are retained and not allowed to leave the HIM until maturation
42
Where does hemopoesis occur
Within the HIM space
43
Hemopoetic cells include?
Thrombocytes Leukocytes Erythrocytes/erythrocytes cells
44
Leukocytes have different subtypes what are they?
Granulocytes(basophil, eosinophils, neutrophils) Lymphocytes Monocytes
45
What is island if cells?
Cluster of cells
46
The islands of epo cells are found where?
In juxtaposition to the Abluminal surface cells
46
The islands of erythropoetic cells are found where?
In juxtaposition to the Abluminal surface cells
47
What other island of cells with the exception of Erythropoesis is found in juxtaposition to the abluminal cells?
Megakaryocytopoesis(thrombopoesis)
48
Where does Granulocytopoesis occur?
In between erythropoesis and megakaryocytopoesis
49
At the very center of HIM is?
Lymphocytopoesis
50
All cells are derived from the most primitive cells in the bone marrow called?
Pluripotentential stem cells
51
What are the important properties of stem cell?
Mitotic division and renewal Mitotic division and differentiation
52
PPSC can also divide and form another PPSC. T/F?
True
53
PPSC differentiates into?
Myeloid cells and Lymphoid committed stem cells
54
Myeloid committed stem cells is also capable of self renewal called?
Perpetuation
55
Myeloid CSC differentiates into?
BFU-E, BFU-MK, HPP-CFC
56
BFU-E, BFU-MK, HPP-CPC have stem cells. T/F?
False
57
Cells committed to a hematopoietic lineage but have no microscopic or morphological lineage are?
Progenitor cells
58
What are precursor cells?
Cells that have hematopoietic lineage are morphologically identifiable
59
For Erythropoiesis, the most primitive stem cell —— differentiate into—— that differentiate into —— which is called ———
PPSC, Myeloid CSC, erythroid progenitor cells, BFU-E
60
The biochemical identification of an erythroid progenitor cell is what?
The appearance of a small quantity of ABO blood group antigens on the surface of the membrane of the cells
61
What mediates platelet adhesion?
GP Ib receptor
62
Gp Ib receptor is able to attach to?
Adhesive protein called VWF
63
VWF attaches to?
Sub-endothelial surface
64
Platelet adhesion requires?
VWF GP Ib receptor on platelet Platelets
65
Platelet aggregation requires?
Fibrinogen and GP IIb/IIIa receptor
66
Deficiency of GP Ib receptor
Bernard Soulier syndrome
67
Glanzmanns disease is as a result of deficiency of what receptor?
GP IIb/IIIa
68
The coating of bacteria by corresponding anti bodies is called?
Opsonization

Hematology (3 decks)

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