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Test 2 > Hemodynamics-Vironee > Flashcards

Hemodynamics-Vironee Flashcards

1
Q

what is hemodynaimcs

A

the study of blood flow through the cardiovascular and circulatory system

PRESSURE-FLOW-RESISTANCE

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2
Q

COMPONETS OF HEMODYNAMICS

A

central venous pressure(CVP)
Pulmonary Artery Pressure(PAP)
Arterial Blood Pressure(BP)-direct measure of pressure

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3
Q

purpose of monitoring Cardiac Outpu Co and Cardiac Index

A

heart function and 02 delivery to body

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4
Q

Cardiac Output is affected by =

A

CO=SV X HR

stroke volume the amount of blood ejected with each heart beat

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5
Q

Normal Stroke Volume

A

60-70

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6
Q

CI=

what is this?

A

CI=CO/ BSA
normal 2-4
cardiac output is corrected by body size-more accurate

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7
Q

preload is

A

volume in the ventricles at the end of diastole

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8
Q

factors that affect preload

A

increased fluid volume

vasocontriction and the % of total volume

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9
Q

afterload is

A

the amount of resistance the heart pumps against

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10
Q

vasoconstriction is inversly related to

A

Stroke volume and CO

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11
Q

Types of afterload

A

PVR-pulmonary vascular resistance

SVR-systemic vascular resistance

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12
Q

PVR
what is this
norm

A

the pressure the right ventrice must overcome to pump blood through the pulmonary circulation
norm is 120-200
–this takes less force than left

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13
Q

SVR

A

the amount of resistance the left ventricle must overcome to pump blood through the systemic circulation

norm 800-1200

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14
Q

what is CVP

A

central venous pressure

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15
Q

what is the normal cvp

A

5-10 mmHg

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16
Q

where does the CVP measure

A

measures filling pressure the SVC or in the right atrium when the when the tricuspid is open

17
Q

where is ths CVP measured

A

in the SVC

18
Q

what can the CVP assess

A

it can assess the right ventricular function and the venous return to the right side of the heart (intravascular blood volume)
RV function
RA pressure

19
Q

overall guide to fluid balance is

A

what the central venous pressure measures

20
Q

what is used to measue the CVP

A

central line or pulmonary artery catheter

21
Q

insertion site of cvp monitor

A

IJ or Subclavian SC most common

22
Q

decreased CVP indicates

A

hypovolemia

vasodilation

23
Q

increased CVP pressure indicate

A

hypervolemia
RV failure
mechanical ventilation

24
Q

what port will we use when measuring the CVP

A

distal port

25
Q

how will we remove CVP *******

A

this is a sterile procedure-mask
make sure patient is flat or in trendelenburg if patients condition allows
–ask pt to take a deep breath(increase intrathorasic pressure decreases chance of embolism)
–then apply firm pressure

26
Q

True False

when inserting and removing we will see changes in the ECG these are abnormal and we should stop.

A

FALSE-these are nomal and we should not stop

27
Q

what does PAP measure?

A

measure systolic, diastolic, and mean pressure

–assess Left ventricular pressure (Pulmonary wedge pressure)

28
Q

Normal systolic pressure PAP
Diastolic PAP
MEan PAP

A

15-25
8-15
10-15

29
Q

PAOP
what is this
cautions
highs and lows

A

PAOP
what is this :pulmonary artery occlusion pressure–ballon inflation occludes forward flow in branch of PA 1.2-2 cc of air
cautions
highs and lows

30
Q

mixed venous o2 saturation?

A

refelcts the balance of 02 supply and demand

  • measure the oxyhemoglobic in desaturated blood returning to RV and PA
  • -can see what percentage is left

typically 75 %

31
Q

increase in V02=

A

an increase in oxygen consumption will lead to a decrease in the amount of mixed venous oxygen saturation that will go to RV

32
Q

Nursing consideration when inserting a PA cath

A

insert at the end of expiration
chest x-ray daily
make sure ballon remain deflated

33
Q

What is an art line?

A

continous pressure of systole, diastole, and MAP are needed-blood gases and glucose

34
Q

sites we can use for art line

A

radial, femoral brachial, axillary

35
Q

what can we do to see if an art line is suitable in our location

A

allen test

36
Q

in a normovolemic patient how does art line measurements compare with actual blood pressure

A

Bp is within 10-15 of BP

37
Q

what is plebostatic axis

why

A

want to keep the transducer at phelbostatic axis:which is
intersection between the midclavicular and 4 ics
——approxiate level of right atrium

38
Q

what happens if transducer is below the phlebostatic axis

above?

A

below=false high

above=false low

39
Q

what is zeroing and leveling

A

-make sure transducer does not have ecess air
-remove cap
TURN STOPCLOCK OFF TO PATIENT(UP)
OPEN TO AIR & PRESS ZEROON MONITOR
DONE AT LEAST ONCE PER SHIFT

Test 2 (11 decks)

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