Hemodynamics In Shock And Fluid Responsiveness

Question 1

Identify which type of shock

Elevated CVP
Elevated PCWP
Low CI
Elevated SVR

Answer 1

Cardiogenic Shock

Question 2

If the stroke volume varies by ______ with respiration or if the systolic pressure or the pulse pressure decreases by ______ between an end-expiratory hold and the positive ventilation, the RV and the LV are sensitive to volume changes and are therefore volume responsive.

Answer 2

> 20% SV

> 13% PP

Question 3

Passive leg raising–induced change in stroke volume, cardiac output, or pulse pressure reliably predicts volume responsiveness, whatever the breathing conditions.

An increase in CO or stroke volume of ______ or a change in pulse pressure of >/= 9% with passive leg raising suggests volume responsiveness

Answer 3

> 10%