Hemodynamics Flashcards
When thinking about preload you should think about:
-Stretch
-Volume
Inotropic is related to:
contraction
When thinking about afterload you should think about:
-resistance
-vasoconstriction
if someone has COPD what side would they develop heart failure?
right
-preload
-periphreal edema
what are some s/sX for right sided heart failure?
JVD
peripheral edema
weight gain
what are some s/sx of left sided heart failure
SOB
cough, pink frothy sputum
nocturnal dyspnea
orothopnea
tachypnea
crackles in the lungs
If someone has HTN what side would they develop heart failure?
left
-afterload
-systemic edema
-pulmonary
stenosis of the mitral valve leads to a problem of what?
the afterload of the left atrium
regurgitation of the pulmonic valve leads to a problem of what?
the preload of the right ventricle
s1 represents what?
systole
-mitral and tricuspid
s2 represents what?
diastole
-pulmonic and aortic
-ventricles fill
how does preload increase as an compensatory mechanisms?
aldosterone (increase water and na)
ADH
how does afterload increase as an compensatory mechanisms?
RASS system
angiotensin II
Alpha-1 receptors
(vasoconstriction or dilation)
Alpha-1 does what sympathetically?
vasoconstrictor
how can the body decrease help preload?
natriuretic peptides
what would you give to treat A fib with rapid ventricular response and what are some drug names?
ca channel blockers
-verapamil
-diltiazem
what do natriuretic peptides do?
decrease the preload
-inhibits aldosterone and ADH
-released from the brain
chronotropic
is related to heart rate
an example of negative chronotropic medication is?
digoxin (lowers HR)
an example of negative chronotropic and negatiive inotropic medication is?
ca channel blockers
-decrease HR
-decrease contraction
Ca does what 3 things?
- increase HR
- increase contractility
- causes vasoconstriction
CCB’s do what 3 things?
- decrease HR
- decrease contractility
- causes vasodilation
non-dihydropyridine causes what best?
decrease AV node conduction (decrease HR)
dihydropyridines causes what best?
vasodilation