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Board Review - C - Heme/Oncology > Heme/Onco IV > Flashcards

Heme/Onco IV Flashcards

1
Q

leukemia vs. lymphoma

A

leukemia - bone marrow involvement
-cells in peripheral blood

lymphoma - lymph node

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2
Q

leukemoid rxn

A

inflammatory response to infection

WBC elevated with neutro and band cells - left shift

increased leukocyte alk phos

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3
Q

leukemoid rxn vs. CML

A

WBC elevated with band cells - left shift - in both

CML - no LAP
LR - elevated LAP - leukocyte alk phos

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4
Q

hodgkin lymphoma

A

local group nodes

prognosis - stage - better than NHL

reed sternberg cells

bimodal distribution

EBV association

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5
Q

non-hodgkin lymphoma

A

multiple peripheral nodes
extranodal involvement

majority B cells

incidence peak 20-40yo

HIV and autoimmune association

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6
Q

reed stern berg cells

A

owl eyes

hodgkin lymphoma

CD15 and CD30 positive

better prognosis - stromal or lymph rxn to RS cells
-lympho rich - best prognosis

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7
Q

burkitt lymphoma

A

t (8;14)
c-myc on 8 with heavy chain (14)
starry scar

endemic - jaw - african

associated with EBV

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8
Q

diffuse large B cell lymphoma

A

older adults

MC type NHL in adults

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9
Q

follicular lymphoma

A

t (14;18)
BCL2 and heavy chain

Bcl2 inhibit apoptosis

wax and wain painless lymphadenopathy

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10
Q

mantle cell lymphoma

A

older males

t (11;14)
translocation cyclin D1 with heavy chain

CD5 positive

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11
Q

sezary syndrome

A

mycosis fungoides

skin patch and plaque

cutaneous T cell lymphoma

atypical CD4 cells - cerebriform nuclei

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12
Q

multiple myeloma

A

plasma cell - fried egg
-clock face

lots of IgG

AL - primary amyloid

punched out bone lesion

M spike

Ig light chain - bence jones proteinuria

rouleaux formation

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13
Q

monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

A

MGUS

monoclonal expansion of plasma cells

develop multiple myeloma at rate of 1-2% per year

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14
Q

waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

A

M spike - IgM - vs. IgG (MM)

hyperviscous syndrome

blurry vision
raynauds

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15
Q

pseudo pelger huet anomaly

A

neutrophil with bilobed nuclei

after chemo

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16
Q

T cell ALL

A

mediastinal mass

with dow syndrome

17
Q

TdT

A

marker pre T and B cells

18
Q

CD10

A

only pre-B cell

19
Q

t(12;21)

A

better prognosis for ALL

20
Q

CLL

A

elderly

MC adult leukemia

CD20 and CD5 positive - B cells

smudge cells

21
Q

SLL - small lymphocytic leukemia

A

same as CLL

but CLL - higher peripheral blood lymphomcytosis

22
Q

hairy cell leukemia

A

mature B cell tumor in elderly

dry tap on aspiration

TRAP positive

23
Q

tartrate resistant acid phosphatase

A

TRAP

positive in hairy cell leukemia

24
Q

tx hairy cell leukemia

A

cladribine

pentostatin

25
Q

AML

A

65yo
auer rod - M3 subtype

26
Q

t(15;17)

A

M3 AML

all trans retinoic acid - vit A

induce differentiation of myeloblasts

27
Q

CML

A

t (9;22)
BCR-ABL fusion - philly

blast crisis

splenomegaly

low LAP - low activity mature granulocytes

28
Q

imatinib

A

tx of CML

BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor

29
Q

all-trans retinoic acid

A

tx of M3 AML

t (15;17)

30
Q

langerhans cell histiocytosis

A

disorder of dendrites

lytic bone lesion - in child

birbeck granule
S-100 positive - mesodermal origin
CD1a

31
Q

JAK2 mutation

A

hematopoietic growth factor signaling

mutation in chronic myeloproliferative disorders (not CML)

32
Q

polycythemia vera

A

increased hematocrit

JAK2 mutation

itching after shower

secondary - due to EPO level increase

33
Q

essential thrombocytosis

A

overproduction of platelets - abnormal

bleeding and thrombosis

bone marrow - large megakaryocytes

34
Q

myelofibrosis

A

obliteration of bone marrow
-fibroblast activity

teardrop RBCs - and dry tap

35
Q

relative polycythemia

A

dehydration and burn - decreased plasma volume

36
Q

appropriate absolute polycythemia

A

lung disease
heart disease
high altitude

see more RBC with low O2 sat and elevated EPO

37
Q

inappropriate absolute polycythemia

A

see more RBC and no decreased O2 sat

and elevated EPO

renal cell carcinoma
hepatocellular carcinoma
hydronephrosis

ectopic EPO

Board Review - C - Heme/Oncology (4 decks)

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