heme/onc Flashcards
1
Q
Iron deficiency anemia- Labs
A
- Low Hgb, Hct
- Low MCV
- Low serum ferritin
- Increased TIBC
2
Q
Iron deficiency anemia- Sx
A
Pica, angular chelitis, koilonychia, pale
- MC = bleeding
3
Q
Vit B 12- Eti/ Sx
A
- ETOH, malabsorption (perniscios anemia)
- Peripheral neuropathy, proprioception, glossitis
- Pallor
4
Q
Vit B 12- Dx, Tx
A
Macrocytic
- Increased MMA, homocysteine
- IM B12 then oral
- Careful of hypokalemia
5
Q
Folate- Eti/ sx
A
- Malabsorption, preg, hemolysis
- No neuropathy
- Pallor, glossitis, stomatitis
6
Q
Folate- Dx/ Tx
A
- MCV > 115, decreased folate, normal B 12
- Elevated homocystine, normal MMA
- 1 mg folic acid qd
7
Q
INR, PT- Lab
A
- Measures extrinsic, common pathway
- Warfarin
8
Q
aPTT- Lab
A
- Measures intrinsic pathway
- Factor deficinecies
9
Q
Platelet counts
A
- Low- bleeding disorders
- High- BM disorders
10
Q
Fibrin split products
A
- Measure of clot break down, elevated in surg, burns, leukemia, heart disease
11
Q
Direct coombs test
A
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- Abs on RBCs causeing agglutination
12
Q
Indirect coombs test
A
- Prenatal testing, blood transfusions
- Determine if abs in serum against blood types, rh factor
13
Q
D- dimer
A
Good to r/o DVT
- Positive in many things
- High indicates increased fibrin degradation products
14
Q
Thrombocytopenia- Eti, Sx
A
- Low platelets
- BM, increased breakdown in blood, spleen or liver
- Chemo, nutrtion, BM failure
- Brusing, petechiae, prolonged bleeding
15
Q
Thrombocytosis- Eti, Sx
A
- High platelet count
- Infection, malig, post surg
- Weakness, fatigue, HA, dizziness, splenomegaly
