Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Wolff Pharmacology Review > Hematopoietics > Flashcards

Hematopoietics Flashcards

1
Q

only actively regulated process to control the amount of iron in the body

A

absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

in combination with poor dietary intake, is a common cause of folate deficiency

A

alcoholism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

common in anemia due to decreased oxygen carrying capacity of blood causing elevated heart rate

A

angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

type of anemia caused by cancer chemotherapeutics, chloramphenicol and benzene

A

aplastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

can, for example, block intrinsic factor-cobalamin interaction or the receptor for it in the ileum, or target H-K-ATPase of parietal cells

A

autoantibody

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

increases due to the increased viscosity of blood caused by epoetin alfa

A

blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

although filgrastim can speed the recovery from severe neutropenia, there is little evidence of impact on this for this expensive drug

A

clinical outcomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

heme-containing proteins (2 words)

A

cytochrome P450

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

prevents formation of complement membrane attack complex, treat paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria caused by insufficient GPI-linked CD59 and CD55 on the RBC cell surface that otherwise protects from this type of attack

A

eculizumab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

potentially especially vulnerable to cognitive decline cause by vitamin B12 deficiency that has been masked by the consumption of folate fortified foods

A

elderly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

orally active non-peptide thrombopoietin agonist approved for treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and the thrombocytopenia seen with hepatitis C

A

eltrombopag

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

recombinant erythropoiesis-stimulating glycoprotein with a.a. sequence identical to erythropoietin; administered to treat anemia secondary to chronic kidney disease or chemotherapy to reduce the need for allogeneic RBC transfusions

A

epoetin alfa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

a recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, it increases growth and proliferation of neutrophil progenitor cells and also facilitates actions of mature neutrophils (e.g., phagocytosis, respiratory burst)

A

filgrastim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

plasma levels of this micronutrient fall within 3 weeks of inadequate intake from animal products and leafy vegetables

A

folate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

production is decreased by thalassemic disorders

A

globins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

transports ~98.5% of the oxygen in the blood

A

hemoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

type of anemia frequently caused by cephalosporins and some penicillins (e.g., piperacillin)

A

hemolytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

most common cause of drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia

A

heparin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

peptide produced by the liver that acts to block ferroportin export from enterocytes and macrophages

A

hepcidin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

cancer chemotherapeutic agent approved for the treatment of sickle-cell anemia because it somehow boost the levels of (normal) fetal hemoglobin

A

hydroxyurea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

increased incidence of this is a predictable consequence of eculizumab therapy, and overwhelming amount can also cause neutropenia

A

infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

glycoprotein secreted by parietal cells, complexes with cobalamin to facilitate its uptake via cubulin receptors in the ileum

A

intrinsic factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

has been one of the leading causes of death by toxicological agents in children < 6 years old

A

iron poisoning

24
Q

cause nausea and vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, anorexia, heart burn and dark stools

A

iron tablets

25
Q

indication (abbr.) for romiplostim or eltrombopag

A

ITP

26
Q

releases erythropoietin in response to hypoxia; failure of this organ causes a normochromic normocytic anemia

A

kidney

27
Q

environmental toxin that can block heme synthesis

A

lead

28
Q

a reason to administer filgrastim+/- plerixafor to mobilize hematopoietic progenitor cells

A

leukapheresis

29
Q

consequence of peripheral vasodilatation due to oxygen-poor blood (2 words)

A

lowpressure

30
Q

anemia in which erythroblasts double protein but were unable to synthesize new DNA; extrusion of nucleus now leaves a large RBC

A

macrocytic

31
Q

among the good dietary sources of iron

A

meat

32
Q

anemia in which the MCV < 80 fL; iron deficiency is the most common cause (e.g., due to heavy menstrual bleeding)

A

microcytic

33
Q

frequently heard in anemia (e.g., because the thinner blood leaks through the closed valves)

A

murmur

34
Q

approximately half-saturated with oxygen at 2 torr, reason oxygen can be striped from hemoglobin and stored in muscles

A

myoglobin

35
Q

symptoms that, when present, justify parenteral vitamin B12

A

neurological

36
Q

considered severe if absolute count of these cells is <500/microliter; low-grade fever, sore mouth, severe pain from swallowing, upper and lower airway inflammation and perianal pain and irritation are among its symptoms

A

neutropenia

37
Q

life-threatening complication of chemotherapy; hypotension, COPD, dehydration and age >60 years are among the risk factors for underlying gram-neagative (e.g Psudomonas), gram-positive (e.g., Staph. epidermidis) and/or fungal (e.g., Candid, Aspergillus) infections

A

neutropenic fever

38
Q

hypersegmented in macrocytic anemia

A

neutrophils

39
Q

recombinant form of IL-11, increases platelet levels via unknown mechanism, does not have a major clinical use

A

oprelvekin

40
Q

appropriate route of administration for vitamin B12 in pernicious anemia provided dose is ~500X the daily requirement

A

oral

41
Q

adverse consequence of free heme or iron in the body (2words)

A

oxidative stress

42
Q

sign of anemia that can be evident from a distance

A

pallor

43
Q

refers to anemia associate with loss of intrinsic factor

A

pernicious

44
Q

partial agonist at CXCR4 receptors important for homing of hematopoietic stem cells, an expensive orphan drug administered when filgrastim alone cannot mobilize enough stem cells for autologous transplant

A

plerixafor

45
Q

contributes to the reason that 2 of the 4 heme moieties of hemoglobin have a bound O2 molecule at 26.8 torr

A

positive cooperativity

46
Q

well known reason for folate intake to be increase

A

pregnancy

47
Q

antiarrhythmic drug, a classic cause of drug-induced non-immune thrombocytopenia

A

quinidine

48
Q

often expected within a few days after initiating appropriate therapy for microcytic or macrocytic anemia; increases in hematocrit and hemoglobin follow shortly thereafter

A

reticulocytosis

49
Q

a “peptibody” has 2 IgG constant regions linked by a peptide; has no homology to thrombopoietin but nevertheless stimulates the thrombopoietin receptor to promote platelet production

A

romiplostim

50
Q

recombinant GM-CSF, acts in the bone marrow to increase production of neutrophils, eosinophils and monocyte/macrophages; in comparison to filgrastim, has a greater number of adverse effects (e.g., fluid retention, dyspnea due to sequestration of granulocytes in pulmonary circulation, fatal “gasping syndrome” in premature infants)

A

sargramostim

51
Q

among the causes of iron loss (3 words)

A

sloughing of cells

52
Q

aka c-kit, has potent synergistic actions on early progenitor cells, but cannot be used since this stimulatory effect extends to mast cells and gives rise to severe allergic reactions

A

stem cell factor

53
Q

whether black and tarry, magenta or bright red, blood loss here can be significant

A

stool

54
Q

stimulates platelet production; recombinant forms were withdrawn from the market due to frequent autoantibody production leading to profound thrombocytopenia

A

thrombopoietin

55
Q

can readily meet their daily needs of vitamin B12 by eating fortified breakfast cereals

A

vegetarians

56
Q

needed to generate methionine from homocysteine and tetrahydrofolate from 5-methyltetrahydrofolate

A

vitamin B12

57
Q

period of time required to develop vitamin B12 deficiency, a reflection of need vs body stores

A

years

Wolff Pharmacology Review (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions