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Fifa - Small Animal Medicine II > Hematopoietic Malignancies Part 2 > Flashcards

Hematopoietic Malignancies Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A Siamese Oriental Cat that is FeLV positive, 5 years old (or

A

Mediastinal or Thymic LSA

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2
Q

How do you dx Mediastinal or Thymic LSA in a cat?

A

Rads

U/S or blind FNA

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3
Q

What typically appears on a mediastinal lymphoma cytology?

A

Large lymphoBLASTS - high grade

Mesothelial cells and neutrophils can be present

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4
Q

How do you tx mediastinal / thymic lymphoma ?

A

Combo therapy

Better prognosis if cat is FeLV negative

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5
Q

What are the prognostic factors for Mediastinal/Thymic lymphoma

A

Tissue subtype - lymphocytic vs lymphoblastic

  • Anatomic locatio
  • Response to Chemo - Rapid robust response is better
  • retroviral status may impact response to duration of survival
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6
Q

What are the different 5 classifications on cell type ?

A
  1. Lymphoid
  2. Myelogenous/Granulocytic
  3. Erythroid
  4. Megakaryocytic
  5. Monocytic
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7
Q

What is the difference between chronic and acute leukemia?

A

Chronic - well differentiated, slowly progressive

Acute - blasts/immature cells, rapid progression

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8
Q

A young dog presents with weight loss, V/D and lethargy. On P.E, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly is felt. CBC revealed CIRCULATING LYMPHOBLASTS and thrombocytopenia. What is you most likely dx?

A

LYMPHOID LEUKEMIA

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9
Q

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia - Prognosis ?

A

Prednisone alone - days to weeks

Chemo : CHOP ~ 5months

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10
Q

A middle age dog/cat presents with anorexia,weight loss and lethargy. A HEMOGRAM was performed and it revealed ELEVATED, WELL DIFFERENTIATED SMALL LYMPHOCYTES? What is the most likely dx?

A

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

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11
Q

How would you treat CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA?

A

Tx may NOT be necessary

Chemo if :
- clinical signs : malaise/lethargy, inappetance and weight loss
- Lymphocyte count >50,000 cells/uL
ORAL CHLORABUCIL and PREDNISONE

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12
Q

What is the prognosis of CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

A

Good (1-3 yrs)

Chemo may NOT impact survival if there is no clinical signs

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13
Q

Where are two sites that extramedullary Plasma Cell Tumors can occur ?

A

Dermal (plasmacytoma) - common

Oral Cavity/GIT - rare

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14
Q

An older dog (9 years) or cat (12 years) presents with lameness, CNS signs and bleeding. On MDB, the animal was found to be HYPERGLOBULINEMIC. What is the most likely dx?

A

MULTIPLE MYELOMA

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15
Q

What makes up Multiple Myeloma? Is the dz common?

A

Multiple Myeloma are made up of malignant plasma cells. This is a RARE neoplasia

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16
Q

VERY IMPORTANT : Name all 4 characteristics of multiple myeloma. (FYI: you need at least two of these characteristics before you can dx the dz)

A
  1. Plasma cell infiltrate in BONE MARROW or OTHER ORGAN (spleen and liver)
  2. Monoclonal gammopathy in SERUM
  3. Monoclonal gammopathy in URINE (Bence Jones proteinuria
  4. Osteolytic bone lesions
17
Q

What is the Treatment of Choice for Multiple Myeloma?

18
Q

What are some of the negative prognostic factors in dogs with mutiple myeloma?

A

Extensive bone lesions , proteinuria and HYPERcalcemia

19
Q

Name the two neoplastic histiocytic dz.

A

Histiocytic Sarcoma

Malignant Histiocytosis

20
Q

Name the two NON-NEOPLASTIC Histiocytosis

A

Cutaneous Histiocytosis

Systemic Histiocytosis

21
Q

A young dog (

A

Cutaneous Histiocytoma

No tx needed - resolve within weeks.

22
Q

Which breeds are predisposed to histiocytic sarcoma?

A

Bernese Mountain Dog

Golden Retrievers and Flat Coated Retrievers

23
Q

Where does Histiocytic Sarcoma typically occur in?

A

Skin/SQ - often limbs

Internally (spleen and lungs)

24
Q

HISTIOCYTIC SARCOMA has a HIGH METASTATIC rate (>90%)

25
Q

How would treat histiocytic sarcoma?

A

CCNU /Doxorubicin

26
Q

Polycythemia Vera is common

27
Q

An animal presented with non-specific signs of letharygy and anorexia, and seizures and ataxia. What is the most likely dx and what would you most likely see in the MDB?

A

Polycythemia Vera and

MDB: Erythrocytosis

28
Q

What does polycythemia vera indicate ?

A

ABSOLUTE erythrocytosis with low erythropoietin levels

29
Q

What disease can cause ABSOLUTE ERYTHROCYTOSIS, secondary to incraesed eruthropoietin

A

Cardiac / Pulmonary dz

30
Q

What is the treatment for polycythemia Vera

A

PHLEBOTOMY until PCV is reduced to 15%
+
Chemotherapy - Hydroxyurea –> cats can develop Heinz bodies and Met Hgb

31
Q

Very common malignancies seen in clinics/practice

A

Lymphoma and Mast Cell Tumors - dogs and cats
Plasma Cell Tumor - dogs
Histiocytomas

Fifa - Small Animal Medicine II (6 decks)

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