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Fifa - Small Animal Medicine II > Head and Neck Cancers - oral, nasal and thyroid > Flashcards

Head and Neck Cancers - oral, nasal and thyroid Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 common neoplasias in the oral cavity of the dog ?

A

Malignant melanoma(most common)
Squamous cell carcinoma
Fibrosarcoma
Epulides

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2
Q

What are the 2 common neoplasias in the oral cavity of the cat?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma (most common)

Fibrosarcoma

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3
Q

Which two types of oral cavity neoplasia occurs in both dogs and cats ?

A

SCC and Fibrosarcoma

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4
Q

What are the 3 most common types of neoplasia in the nasal cavity of dogs and cats ?

A

Carcinoma
Sarcoma
Lymphoma

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5
Q

What is the most common thyroid cancer in dogs?

A

Thyroid carcinoma

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6
Q

What is the most common thyroid cancer in cats ?

A

Functional adenoma

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7
Q

What are the clinical signs of cats or dogs with oral neoplasia ?

A

Ptyalism, Odor, Changes in chewing, Decreased appetite and Oral bleeding

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8
Q

Malignant melanoma is common in which canine breeds?

A

Cocker Spaniels, Min Poodles, and Chow chows

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9
Q

Which 3 organs do malignant melanoma typically metastasize to ?

A

Lymph nodes
Lungs
Liver

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10
Q

Where does Squamous Cell Carcinoma typically metastasize to (canines)?

A

Tonsillar lymph nodes.

Distant metastasis is uncommon

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11
Q

What is the most common oral tumor in the cat ?

A

SCC

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12
Q

What is the treatment for Feline Fibrosarcoma ?

A

Complete surgical excision if possible

Radiation therapy

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13
Q

What is the most common BENIGN tumor of the oral cavity ?

A

Acanthomatous Epulis - more common in dogs - originate from the periodontal ligament

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14
Q

A 9 year old, dolicocephalic dog presents with a tumor-like, ulcerative erosion on its nasal planum. Its owners complain that it often has nasal discharge, sneezing and epistaxis. On P.E, there is facial swelling and distortion. What is the top differential and how would you treat it?

A

SCC –> treatment : surgery or radiation therapy

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15
Q

What are the top 3 most common nasal cancer in dogs ?

A
  1. Carcinoma
  2. Sarcoma
  3. Lymphoma
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16
Q

What are the top 3 most common nasal cancer in cats ?

A
  1. Lymphoma (high grade) – most common

2. Carcinoma (2nd most common)

17
Q

What typically cause fungal rhinitis in canines?

A

Aspergillosis

18
Q

What typically cause fungal rhinitis in cats ?

A

Cryptococcus

19
Q

Name a mite that reside in the nasal cavity

A

Pneumonyssoides

20
Q

What is the treatment of choice for nasal cancer?

A

RADIATION Therapy - strontium

other treatment:

  • chemo : carboplatin and/or doxorubicin or toceranib for carcinoma
  • NSAIDS
21
Q

What is the cause of hyperparathyroidism in cats - pathologic change?

A

Functional adenoma or Adenomatous Hyperplasia

22
Q

Palpable thyroid mass in a dog should be assumed to be malignant. T/F ?

A

TRUTH!!

23
Q

Incisional Biopsy is recommended to diagnose Canine Thyroid Tumors. T/F

A

LIESSSS !!

- not recommended as it will cause hemorrhage

24
Q

Thyroid cancer tend to spread away from the heart.

A

Truth

Evaluate Mandibular and Pre-scapular LNS

25
Q

What are the potential consequences of thyroid sx?

A

Hemorrhage, Hypothyroidism, Hypocalcemia

26
Q

How would you treat non-resectable, fixed invasive tumors?

A
  1. Radiation Therapy - external beam: aim is long term tumor control
    - palliative - metastatic dz is often slow to progress
    - radioactive material (I131): non-resectable primary tumor, effective for HYPERTHYROID patients
  2. Chemotherapy:. Doxorubicin, Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Toceranib
27
Q

Carcinoma is the LEAST common cause of hyperthyroidism in cats.

A

TRUTH

28
Q

What is the treatment choices for thyroid carcinoma in cats ?

A
  • Ideally sx

I131 or palliation with methimazole

Fifa - Small Animal Medicine II (6 decks)

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