Hematopoiesis - CH. 32 Flashcards
Epoetin Alpha (Epogen, Procrit)
Mechanism of action-stimulates erythropoiesis, forming red blood cells
Primary uses-chronic renal failure, chemotherapy
Adverse effects-hypertension**, headache, fever, nausea, diarrhea, edema
Nursing- **given SQ/IV
BBW- risk for thromboembolic events, MI, TIA, DVT
Overdose- therapeutic phlebotomy
Filgrastin (Nuepogen)
Mechanism of action-increase neutrophil production in the bone marrow and to enhance phagocytic and cytotoxic functions of existing neutrophils
Primary use-chemotherapy, organ transplant, AIDS complications
Adverse effects- neutropenic fever, nausea, vomiting, bone pain is
common, neutropenic fever, leukocytosis, fever, thrombocytosis
Nursing-do not give within 24 hrs of chemo, or effect is decreased of Neupogen; given SQ/IV
Oprelvekin (Neumega)
Mechanism of action: increases the production of platelets
Use: TCP in patients receiving chemotherapy
Adverse effects: fluid retention, cardiac dysrhythmias
Nursing: given SQ
Labs: CBC, electrolytes
Cyanocobalamin (Calomist, Nasobal)
Primary use-treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
Adverse effects-uncommon, hypokalemia, rash, itching, other signs of allergy
Nursing: oral, intranasal, IM (painful), SQ
Ferrous Sulfate
Primary use-prevent or reverse iron deficiency anemia
Common adverse effects-GI upset, nausea, constipation, dark stools, teeth staining- (liquid form), hypotension (IV route)
Nursing- do not crush tablets; give Z-track for IV administration, prevent infiltration- iron is highly irritating to tissues; increase dietary intake, **elixir stains the teeth-use a straw, dilute with juice and rinse mouth
Interactions- iron decreases absorption of tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones; absorption of iron is reduced when taken with antacids
Food/herbal- Dairy, caffeine, antacids, tetracycline inhibit absorption of iron; Vitamin C increases absorption of iron
BBW: fatal in children
