Hematopoiesis

Question 1

the 3 stages

Answer 1

• Mesoblastic stage/ Yolk sac phase (primitive)
• Hepatic stage (definitive)
• Medullary/Myeloid

Question 2

Primitive cells

Answer 2

transition forms from an undifferentiated mesenchymal cell to one that can produce only blood cell

Question 3

Chief site in Yolk sac phase

Answer 3

Yolk sac

Question 4

the first fully developed organ in fetus

Answer 4

Thymus

Question 5

5th month in medullary stage

Answer 5

monocytes

Question 6

Heteroplastic

Answer 6

mitotic division and multiplication

Question 7

Yellow marrow

Answer 7

adipocytes

Question 8

Bone marrow resembles what shape

Answer 8

honeycomb

Question 9

Adventitial cells

Answer 9

capable of contraction

Question 10

Supplies blood only to the marrow?

Answer 10

Nutrient artery

Question 11

Major site of hematopoiesis?

Answer 11

Liver

Question 12

Niche

Answer 12

plays an important role in nurturing and protecting HSCs and regulating the balance among quiescence, self-renewal, and self-differentiation

Question 13

Largest lymphoid organ in the body

Answer 13

Spleen

Question 14

Culling

Answer 14

cells are phagocytized

Question 15

Pitting

Answer 15

macrophages remove inclusion

Question 16

Hepatocytes

Answer 16

structural units

Question 17

Remove senescent cells and foreign bodies?

Answer 17

Kupfer cells

Question 18

Stromal cells

Answer 18

extracellular matrix and promote cell adhesion

Question 19

Two areas of thymus

Answer 19

Cortex

Medulla

Question 20

Characteristics of stem cell

Answer 20

self-renewal
give rise to differentiated progeny
able to reconstitute the hematopoietic system of a lethally irradiated host

Question 21

Which daughter cells are IDENTICAL in appearance and potential to the mother cell?

Answer 21

stem cell

Question 22

2 stem theory

Answer 22

Monophyletic theory/ Unitarian

Polyphyletic theory

Question 23

Extrinsic regulation

Answer 23

proliferation and differentiation signals from specialized niches

Question 24

Stochastic model

Answer 24

self-renewal

Question 25

Positive effect of cytokines and growth factors

Answer 25

``` KIT ligand, FLT3 ligand, IL 1, IL 6 IL 11 IL 3 GM-CSF ```

Question 26

Negative effect of cytokines and growth factors

Answer 26

Interferons transforming growth factor B Tumor necrosis factor a

Question 27

Myeloid progenitors

Answer 27

CD 33 and CD 38

Question 28

CD 19

Answer 28

B lymphocyte

Question 29

Lymphoid progenitors

Answer 29

CD 10 and CD 38

Question 30

how many kg platelets produce by bone marrow daily

Answer 30

2.5 billion platelets