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B&L 1 > hematopoeisis > Flashcards

hematopoeisis Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most common site of hematopoiesis at 4 months gestation?

A

liver

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2
Q

How many RBCs are present in the average 70kg man?

A

25 trillion

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3
Q

We start with a blast forming unit which then gives rise to?

A

colony forming unit

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4
Q

colony forming units amplify to form

A

mature cells

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5
Q

hematopoiesis (3 broad things)

A 
RBCs
megakaryocytes (platelets)
WBCs
- granulocytes
- monocytes/macrophages
-lymphocytes
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6
Q

multipotent hematopoietic stem cell can give rise to one of two things

A

myeloid stem cell

lymphoid stem cell

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7
Q

can myeloid stem cell self renew?

A

no but can still differentiate

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8
Q

myeloid stem cell can give rise to? (4)

A

megakaryoblast
proerythroblast
myeloblast
monoblast

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9
Q

megakaryoblast gives rise to

A

megakaryocyte - platelet

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10
Q

porerythroblast ->

A

reticulocyte - erythrocyte

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11
Q

myeloblast –>

A

BEN

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12
Q

monoblast –>

A

monocyte - macrophage

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13
Q

lymphoid stem cell –>

A

lymphoblast –>

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14
Q

lymphoblast –> (2)

A

NK cill

Small lymphcyte –> T an B - plasma

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15
Q

growth factor for neutrophils?

A

G-CSF

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16
Q

Growth factor for erythropoeisis

A

EPO

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17
Q

Erythropoisis time in

BM

A

2-7 days

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18
Q

erythropoesis time in periphery?

A

retic - 2-3 days

RBC 120

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19
Q

erythropoesis mitotic divisions in BM

A

3-5

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20
Q

Effects of EPO? (4)

A

Increase retic release
increase HgB levels
Increase mitosis/maturation
Increase stem cell activation

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21
Q

Erythrocyte maturation scheme (6)

A 
pronormoblast
basophilic normoblast
polychormatophilic normoblast
orthochromatic normoblast
reticulocyte
erythrocyte
22
Q

erythrocyte maturation characterized by:

A

gradual condensation of chromatin / pyknotic degeneration of nucleus / accumulation of hemoglobin as organelles are progressively lost

23
Q

Granulocyte maturation (6)

A

myeloblast –> promyelocyte –> myelocyte –> metamyelocyte –> band –> segmented granulocyte (seg)

24
Q

Granulopoiesis features (3)

A

nuclear maturation with condensation of chromatin / loss of nucleoli
segmentation
acquisition of cytoplasmic granules

25
Q

blasts have (3)

A

high N:C ratio
fine chormatin
nucleoli

26
Q

Neutrophil

A

nucleus segmented into 2-5 (usually 3) lobes that are connected by thin chromatin
pinkish / purple hue given by secondary granules

27
Q

eosinophil

A

large red/orange granules

nucleus segmented into 2 round oval lobes

28
Q

basophil

A

lobular non-segmented nucleus

numerous blue/purple basophilic granules

29
Q

megakaryocyte maturation scheme –> (4)

A

megakaryblast -
promegakaryocyte
megakaryocyte
platelet

30
Q

monocyte / macrophage ascention?

A

monoblast
promonocyte
monocyte

31
Q

which cell is the larges in teh peripheral blood?

A

monocyte
with blusih cytoplasm
red/purple granules
odd nucleus shapes

32
Q

BM cellularity and age

A

decreases with age

cellularity = 100-age

33
Q

what pathologist look at on biopsy? (6)

A 
cellularity 
M:E ratio (should be 3:1)
maturation 
megakaryocytes
iron - prussian blue
lesions
34
Q

GF for erythropoeisis

A

EPO

35
Q

GF for megakaryopoiesis

A

Thrombopoietin (TPO)

36
Q

Granulopoiesis / monopoiesis GF

A

GM-CSF

37
Q

granulopoiesis GF

A

G-CSF

38
Q

Monopoiesis GF

A

M-CSF

39
Q

GF for eosinophils

A

IL5

40
Q

GF for basophils

A

IL3

41
Q

5 STAGE cell model hematopoiesis

A 
multipotent hematopoitic stem cell
pluripotent hematopoetic stem cell 
progenitor cell
precursor cell
amplification
42
Q

life span erythrocyte

A

120

175 billion per day

43
Q

life span platelets

A

7-10

200 billion per day

44
Q

life span neutrophil

A

7 hours

70 billion per day

45
Q

embryonal hematopoiesis

A

yolk sac

46
Q

fetal hematopoiesis

A

liver/spleen

47
Q

birth hematopoiesis

A

marrow

48
Q

adult hemtopoiesis

A

axial skeletal marrow

49
Q

myeloid =

A

non-erythroid / non-lymphoid
i.e.
granulocytes / monocytes / megakaryocytes / platelets

50
Q

lymphoid =

A

T
B
NK
Cells

B&L 1 (5 decks)

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