HEMATOLOGY LEC 1: clinical presentation of anemia Flashcards
What is anemia?
-is a decrease in the total amount of
blood red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin
anemia in men : Hemoglobin less than……………and / or Hematocrit less than ……………
13.5g/dl ,
41%
anemia in women : Hemoglobin less than……………and / or Hematocrit less than ……………
12g/dl ,
36%
Types of anemia :-
Microcytic
Normocytic
Macrocytic
General symptoms of anemia
tiredness , headache , pale skin , weakness , irregular heartbeat , shortness of breath , chest pain , dizziness , cold hand and feet
General signs of anemia
- Pallor (inner part of lips, conjunctiva, palmar creases)
- Tachycardia
- Postural hypotension
Glossitis is Special sign for ………
iron deficiency , folate and vitamin B12 deficiency
Koilonychia pica is Special sign for ………
iron deficiency
Neurological abnormality like balance and gait
abnormality are Special signs for……………
vitamin B12 deficiency
Jaundice is Special sign for ………
hemolytic anemia ( in mucus membrane like soft palate and sclera )
Splenomegaly is Special sign for ………
thalassemia , neoplasm ,chronic hemolysis
Purpura is Special sign in…………….
aplastic anemia
• Microcytic (MCV <80 µ3): in
- Iron deficiency
- thalassemia
- sideroblastic anemia, lead poisoning.
• Normocytic (MCV 80-100 µ3): in
1. Acute blood loss (hemorrhage or acute hemolysis ) 2. chronic disease 3. hypersplenism 4. bone marrow failure
• Macrocytic (MCV >100 µ3):
- B12 or folate deficiency,
- hypothyroidism
- MDS.
Features of Iron Deficiency Anemia General symptoms and sign plus
- Pica
- Glossitis
- angular stomatitis
- Koilonychia