Hematology FINAL EXAM Flashcards
What organ converts heme?
What does it convert heme into?
Liver
Bilirubin
Where are RBCs destroyed?
Spleen
What fluid is bilirubin excreted in?
Bile
What is buffy coat preparation useful for?
- To recognize rare cells
- To make it easier to do differential for leukopenia
What are the important components for blood clotting?
- Calcium
- Fibrinogen
- Platelets
- Prothrombin
What clotting factor is affected by being stored in the refrigerator during INR testing?
Factor VII
What is Primary Hemostasis?
Platelet Plug Formation
What is Secondary Hemostasis
Formation of blood clot
What is the anchoring of platelets to the Von Willebrand Factor known as?
Adhesion
What is the adhesive protein secreted by endothelial cells ?
vWF
What tests are for intrinsic and common pathways?
APPT or PTT
What is INR affected by?
Coumadin and Warfarin
True or false: Diluent is a bad conductor of electricity?
False, it is a good conductor of electricity
True or false: diluent allows the cells to be read one at a time?
True
What is the most abundant immunoglobulin in the body?
IgG
Where are antigens located and what is an antigen?
- Located on surface of the cells
- A foreign particle
Where are antibodies located and what are they?
- Located in the plasma
- They fight off antigens
What is erythroblastosis fetalis?
HDN - Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
What is TIBC and what blood tubes are required for it?
- Total Iron Binding Capacity
- SST
What are thrombocytes?
- Also known as platelets
What produces thrombocytes and platelets?
Megakaryocytes
Define hemoconcentration
increase in non-filterable blood components and decrease in plasma
How is the rate at which the blood falls in an ESR test measured?
mm/hr
True or false: ESR is increased in sickle cell anemia and polycythemia?
FALSE, it’s decreased
When is ESR increased?
During pregnancy, inflammation, hemolysis, cancer
What speed do you centrifuge ESR blood tubes?
500 - 4,000 rpm
Does poikilocytosis increase or decrease rouleaux formation?
decrease
What else decreases ESR?
Temperature higher than 25 degrees, hemolysis, anemia
What stain is used to stain granules in the cytoplasm?
May-Grunwald stain
What is Giemsa stain used for?
to stain inclusion bodies in blood cells
What is Leishman’s stain used for?
for differential
What does a low hematocrit result in?
Anemia
What does a high hematocrit result in?
Polycythemia
Which leukocytes phagocytize dead cells and foreign particles?
Monocytes
What leukocytes are increased in a bacterial infection?
Neutrophils
What does a MICROHEMATOCRIT measure?
volume of RBC in whole blood
What does differential measure?
proportion of WBC in whole blood
