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Internal Medicine Platinum > Hematology Correlates > Flashcards

Hematology Correlates Flashcards

1
Q

Heme precursor

A

Succinyl CoA (TCA intermediate) and Glycine (amino acid)

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2
Q

Energy source of RBC

A

Anaerobic glycolysis (net of 2 ATP)

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3
Q

Last stage of RBC with a nucleus

A

Orthochromic erythroblast

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4
Q

Baby RBCs; increase in hemolysis

A

Reticulocytes

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5
Q

Adult Hgb

Fetal Hgb

A

Adult Hgb: 2 alpha chains, 2 beta chains

Fetal Hgb: 2 aplha chains, 2 gamma chains

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6
Q

Transfers iron in the blood

Stores iron in the liver

A

Transfer: transferrin
Store: ferritin

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7
Q

Tissue macrophages. Bone, Liver, Skin, CNS, Lungs

A 
Bone: osteoclast
Liver: Kupffer cells
Skin: histiocytes/Langerhans cells
CNS: microglia
Lungs: alveolar macrophages
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8
Q

Platelet adhesion

Platelet aggregation

A

Adhesion: Glycoprotein 1b and vWF
Aggregation: Glycoprotein IIb-IIIa and fibrinogen

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9
Q

Ig in primary response; largest
Ig in secondary response; smallest
Ig in secretion
Ig in allergies, parasitic

A

Ig in primary response; largest – IgM
Ig in secondary response; smallest – IgG
Ig in secretion – IgA
Ig in allergies, parasitic – IgE

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10
Q

MHC I, CD8

MHC II, CD4

A

MHC I, CD8 – T Killer cells

MHC II, CD4 – T helper cells

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11
Q

Patches of dilated endoplasmic reticulum that appear as sky blue cytoplasmic puddles seen in severe infection

A

Dohle bodies

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12
Q

Distinctive needle-like azurophilic granules found in myeloblasts seen in AML

A

Auer rods

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13
Q

Scattered macrophage with abundant wrinkles green blue cytoplasm seen in CML

A

Sea blue histiocytes

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14
Q

Small lymphocytes disrupted in the process of making smears seen in CLL

A

Smudge cells

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15
Q

Large cells with multiple nuclei or a single nucleus with multiple nuclear lobes in Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

Reed Sternberg cells

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16
Q

Multi lobulated nuclei seen in Adult T cell Lymphoma

A

Clover leaf or flower cells

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17
Q

Destructive plasma cell tumors involving axial skeleton seen in Multiple Myeloma

A

Plasmacytoma

18
Q

Neutrophils with only two nuclear lobes seen in Myelodysplastic syndrome

A

Pseudo Pelger Huet cells

19
Q

Megakaryocytes with single nuclear lobes or multiple separate nuclei seen in MDS

A

Pawn-ball megakaryocytes

20
Q

Small yellow-brown, brown or rust colored foci in the spleen during congestion

A

Gandy- Gamma Nodules

21
Q

Most common type of Hodgkins Lymphoma
Worst and best prognosis types
Contains popcorn cells

A

Most common: Nodular sclerosis
Worst: lymphocyte- depleted
Best: lymphocyte- rich
Contains popcorn cells: lymphocyte-predominant

22
Q

Most common form of NHL

A

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma

23
Q

Translocation on chromosome 8 which present with starry sky pattern

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

24
Q

Biopsy of tumor reveal homogenous population of small lymphocytes with no centeroblasts and proliferation centers

A

Mantle cell lymphoma

25
Q

Excess light or heavy chains along with complete immunoglobulin synthesized by neoplastic plasma cells

A

Bence Jones Proteins (Multiple Myeloma)

26
Q

Most important monoclonal gammopathy usually presenting as tumorous masses scattered throughout the skeletal system

A

Multiple Myeloma

27
Q

Small hyperchromatic RBC lacking central pallor

A

Spherocytes in Hereditary spherocytosis

28
Q

Small dark nuclear remnants present in RBC of asplenic patients

A

Howell Jolly bodies

29
Q

Membrane bound precipitates on denatures globin chains

A

Heinz body seen in G6PD deficiency

30
Q

RBCs with damaged membranes due to removal of Heinz bodies by splenic macrophages seen in G6PD deficiency

A

Bite cells

31
Q

RBCs shaped like curved blades

A

Sickle cells

32
Q

Dehydrated RBCs with bull’s eye appearance seen in Sickle Cells Anemia and Thalassemia

A

Target dells (codocytes)

33
Q

Fragmented RBCs also call helmet cells if cut in half associated with RBC trauma, DIC and HUS

A

Schistocytes

34
Q

RBCs with spike associated with RBC trauma

A

Burr cells or Echinocytes

35
Q

Triad of hemolytic anemias

A

Pallor
Jaundice
Splenomegaly

36
Q

Intravascular vs Extravascular hemolysis

A

Extravascular hemolysis presents with splenomegaly

37
Q

Intravascular hemolysis due to increases complement-mediated RBC lysis

A

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

38
Q

Hemolytic anemia seen in DIC, TTP-HUS, SLE and malignant hypertension

A

Microangiopathic Hemolytic anemia

39
Q

Caused by trauma to RBCs in individuals with cardiac valve prostheses

A

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

40
Q

Sites of hematopoiesis

A

Yolk sac, spleen, bone marrow (all bones and then membranous bones)

Internal Medicine Platinum (4 decks)

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