Hematology (BLOOD) APEA Flashcards
What is a weird clinical presentation for leukemia?
1. thrombocytopenia
2. hepatospenomegaly
3. severe anemia
4. sickle cell anemia
sickle cell anemia- only found in sickle cell anemia
leukemia- bone marrow failing
The bone marrow produces- red cells, white cells, platelets
hepatospenomegaly- can happen in a pt. with leukemia
a pt. had a splenectomy after an accident. pts who are asplenic are?
ans more susceptible to bacterial infection
spleen is responsible for removal of aging RBCs & bacteria
esp infection of streptococcus pneumonia
review the pt. immunization status
What does leukocytosis mean?
1. bacterial infection
2. viral infection
3. infection of an unknown origin
4. he does not have an infection
white cells in the blood- can increase due to a viral or bacterial infection.
you can clarify by looking at lymphocytes & neutrophils
ans. Infection of unknown origin
a pt. has numbness & tingling in his hands he has the following labs the NP should suspect
1. pernicious anemia
2. iron deficiency anemia
3. vit B12 defiency
4. sickle cell anemia
ans. 2. iron deficiency anemia
-microcytic
-hypochromic anemia
pernicious anemia= caused by vit B12 deficiency (microcytic anemia)
parenthesis- numbness & tingling
3 y/o f sx’s lymphadenopathy, nonblanchable redness over both knees & elbows, low grade fever. Had an upper resp infection 4 weeks ago.
CBC shows- thrombocytopenia
Urinalysis- shows hematuria
The most likely diagnosis is?
-acute lymphocytic anemia
-idiopathic thrombocytopenia
-von willibrands disease
-septic arthritis
ans. acute lymphocytic anemia
platelet count- decreased
acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
low platelet & other red or white cell abnormalities.
sx’s- bleeding, fever, lymphadenopathy
dx of sickle cell anemia is made through?
hemoglobin elctrophoresis
or DNA analysis
The lab values indicate what type of anemia?
1. thatassemia
2. iron deficiency anemia
3. vit B12 defiency
4. anemia of chronic disease
ans. iron deficiency anemia
a 72 y/o male has been dx with anemia. Which of the following statements are true?
ans. he may have a GI bleed
NP sees a child with fatigue, purpura of his lower extremities. His temp is normal.
ans. acute leukemia
Besides an inadequate intake of Vit D in older adults what other factor contributes to deficiencies?
1, impaired synthesis of provitamin D.
2. decreased physical activity
3. diminished hepatic function
4. decreased body mass
- impaired synthesis of provitamin D
