Cardio (apea)

Question 1

a common side effect of thiazide diuretics is?

Answer 1

erectile dysfunction

in patients taking:
-chlorathalidone
-acebutolol
-amlodipine
-enalapril

common complaint in men with antiHTN
should be evaluated in patients who take antiHTN

Question 2

Location of PMI

Answer 2

5th ICS, left of midclabicular line

Question 3

HTN happens because

Answer 3

aging vessels & calcium disposition

the 75 y/o male has the greatest risk

Question 4

If a patients lipids are elevated what lab test should be performed?

Answer 4

TSH- TSH elevated is secondary to hyperlipidemia

Question 5

med that causes exercise intolerance?

Answer 5

metoprolol- causes Bradycardia

Question 6

losartan

Answer 6

cardiac Cath can still be continued

Question 7

meds to stop before cardiac Cath?

Answer 7

naproxen, furosemide, metformin

Question 8

chronic aortic regurgitation side effect?

Answer 8

hypertrophied left ventricle

BP increased systolic & decreased diastolic pressure. wide pulse pressure

Question 9

pain in the calf muscle

Answer 9

intermittent claudication compromised arterial blood flow- reproducible pain in a group of muscle

Question 10

screen for hyperlipidemia in?

Answer 10

12-14 hrs fasting prior to blood draw

Question 11

CHD risk factor

Answer 11

DM

labs- check LDLs

Question 12

LDL promotes atherosclerosis

Answer 12

low HDL (happy cholesterol) is not good either

Question 13

fetal coartation of the aorta

Answer 13

compare upper and lower BP

high BP upper,
lower BP lower

Question 14

high lipids should be screened

Answer 14

annually

Question 15

what factors contribute to congenital heart disease?
transposition of the great vessels
ventricular septal defect
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 15

DM

viruses can also increase the risk

Question 16

T
O
R
C
H

conditions that affect the fetus

Answer 16

toxoplasmosis
other- syphillus
rubella
cytalomegalovirus
herpes simplex virus

Question 17

lasix puts a pt. at risk for gout

Answer 17

gout- hyperuricemia any diuretic can lead to this

Question 18

candesartan can produce

Answer 18

hyperkalemia

Question 19

what meds monitor potassium levels?

Answer 19

amlodipine- calcium channel blocker
fosonipril- ace
candesartan- ARB
—monitor potassium levels

Question 20

ACE- -pril & ARB - sartan

Answer 20

cause high potassium levels

Question 21

160/60 (systolic BP increased), diastolic= normal

Answer 21

isolated systolic HTN

Question 22

abd aortic aneurysm

Answer 22

abd ultrasound- most cost effective

Question 23

a bruit is indicative of generalized atherosclerosis

Question 24

naproxen can increase BP

Answer 24

NSAIDS cause sodium and water retention

Question 25

sx's of DVT

Answer 25

swelling, pain, discoloration in lower extremity DVT positive homers sign

Question 26

initial BPs should start at

Answer 26

3 y/o

Question 27

increased Na+

Answer 27

70 y/o African American male

Question 28

what med class to treat systolic dysfunction?

Answer 28

ace inhibitor calcium channel blockers are not good for HF patients

Question 29

What do you monitor for after starting a pt. on ramipril (ace inhibitor)

Answer 29

-potassium level protocol: potassium BUN CR 1 week after iniating ace inhibitor

Question 30

Warfarin - INR of 8 should this be dc'd

Question 31

screening through abdominal aortic aneurysm

Answer 31

once for all males ages 65-75

Question 32

ace inhibitor for what diseases

Answer 32

DM with proteinuria, heart failure, HTN monitor the labs: BUN Cr. K+

Question 33

hydrochlorothaizide 25 mg add another BP med

Question 36

80 y/o 172/72 give amlodipine

Question 37

HTN sloughing off of skin

Answer 37

hydrochlorothiazide

Question 38

aspirin daily proton pump inhibitor

Question 39

take statins with doing diet & excercise

Question 40

sucralfate & cholesteramine decrease

Answer 40

INR

Question 41

grade 4 heart murmur in a child?

Answer 41

refer to cardiology

Question 42

mitral regurgitation anticoagulation

Answer 42

with warfarin can lead to a-fib

Question 43

ace

Answer 43

cough 2 wks of starting therapy

Question 44

benazepril stop if?

Answer 44

pregnancy occurs

Question 45

170/70 BP what med?

Answer 45

amlodipine

Question 46

urinary incontinece related to?

Answer 46

amlodipine

Question 47

mitral valve prolapse can be confirmed by?

Answer 47

echocardiography

Question 48

resting HR for a child of 60-100 BPM

Answer 48

10 y/o

Question 49

aortic stenosis refer to?

Answer 49

cardiology

Question 50

naproxen can cause HF

Answer 50

NSAIdS cause sodium retention

Question 51

viagra & antiHTN

Question 52

preadults & children

Answer 52

secondary HTN

Question 53

walking does not need any additional testing

Question 54

thiazide diuretics help with HTN & osteoporosis

Question 55

mitral valve prolapse

Answer 55

metoprolol

Question 56

HR that varies for a child

Answer 56

this is a normal exam

Question 57

hypertrophy of the atrium & ventricle

Answer 57

echocardiography

Question 58

pharm treatment for adults should be started

Answer 58

for any type of HTN

Question 59

acute coronary syndrome

Answer 59

ace, asa, statin, beta blocker

Question 60

end organ damage

Answer 60

left ventricular hypertrophy

Question 61

muscle cramps has

Answer 61

hypokalemia

Question 62

dyspnea with peripheral edema

Answer 62

HF

Question 63

DM with HTN pharm treatment for HTN in children

Question 64

vessels affected varicose veins, arteriosclerosis

Question 65

ARB should not take

Answer 65

potassium supplements arbs can cause hyperkalemia

Question 66

age causes diastolic BP to decrease