hematology A&P

Question 1

where do RBC come from?

Answer 1

stem cells in bone marrow

Question 2

RBCs circulate the body for…

Answer 2

80-120 days

takes 20 seconds to circulate the body one time

Question 3

how many RBC are made each second?

Answer 3

2-3 million

millions in a drop of blood

Question 4

one RBC contains

Answer 4

1 billion molecules of oxygen

Question 5

erythrocytes

Answer 5

RBC - most common blood cell
*made up of protein and hgb (gives blood red color)

purpose: transport O2 to tissues using Hgb
normal ct: 4.2-6.2 million

Question 6

reticulocytes

Answer 6

immature RBCs
1% of total RBC count

Question 7

as PaO2 increases,

Answer 7

SaO2 increases
(amt of o2 bound to hgb)

Question 8

hemoglobin

Answer 8

oxygen carrying protein
~97% of O2 is carried by hgb
~3% dissolves in blood (measure with ABG; called PaO2)

Question 9

hemoglobin is made up of

Answer 9

heme (nonprotein) - iron and oxygen molecules
globin (protein)

*O2 binds to heme portion and heme must have iron
*binds LOOSELY and REVERSIBLY!

Question 10

hgb levels

Answer 10

male: 14-18
female: 12-16

Question 11

erythropoiesis

Answer 11

aka RBC production

kidney sense hypoxia and releases the hormone erythropoietin —> stimulates RBC production in bone marrow

Question 12

what is required to make hemoglobin?

Answer 12

iron

Question 13

what is required for RBC maturation?

Answer 13

vitamin B12 and folic acid

Question 14

how many chains of hgb are there?

Answer 14

4 chains - 2 each
alpha-chains
beta-chains

Question 15

pulmonary gas exchange

Answer 15

external respiration
O2 is inhaled from the atmosphere across the alveolar-capillary membrane –> O2 diffuses from alveoli into arterial pulmonary capillaries

Question 16

capillary gas exchange

Answer 16

internal respiration
when arterial blood reaches tissues through capillaries, gas exchange occurs –> O2 is exchanged between the capillaries and the tissues near