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Visceral Disorders > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

Plasma = ___ % of total blood volume

A

55%

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2
Q

Formed elements = ___% of blood volume

A

45%

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3
Q

Erythrocytes = ___% of blood volume

A

44%

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4
Q

WBCs and Platelets = ____% of blood volume

A

1%

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5
Q

Hematopoiesis

A

Cellular formation, proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of blood cells, tissues and organs responsible

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6
Q

What organs/tissues are responsible for hematopoiesis

A

spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, bone marrow, liver, RES

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7
Q

hematopoiesis begins on the ____ day of gestation.

A

19th

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8
Q

Postnatally: erthrocytes, granulocytes, monocytes and platelets are produced in ___________________

A

bone marrow

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9
Q

Postnatally: lymphocytes are produced in what secondary lymph organs?

A

spleen, lymph nodes, intestinal lymphoid tissue, bone marrow, and thymus

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10
Q

__________ is the primary regulator for erythropoiesis,.

A

erythropoietin

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11
Q

Cell division takes __ to ___ days

A

3 to 5 days

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12
Q

Normal range for RBCs is between ____ and ____

A

4 to 6 mil/mm^3

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13
Q

Elevated RBC = ________

Decreased RBC = ________

A

Polycythemia

Anemia

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14
Q

Normal range for Hgb is between __ to ___

A

11 to 18 mg/dl

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15
Q

Hct

A

Hematacrit is the ratio of total RBCs volume in blood to blood volume 37% to 52%

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16
Q

Granulocyte types:(3)

A

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

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17
Q

Nongranulocytes types:(2)

A

lymphocytes and monocytes

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18
Q

Neutrophil function
Eosinophil function
Basophil function

A 
Neutrophil = phagocytic
eosinophil = allergy, drug and parasite reaction
basophil = hypersensitivity reaction
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19
Q

Lymphocyte function

Monocyte function

A 
Lymphocyte = fight viral infection
Monocyte = help neutrophils
20
Q

If MCV elevated = ______

If MCV low = ______

A

high mcv = macrocytic

low mcv = microcytic

21
Q

MCH high = ________

MCH low = _________

A

high mch = hyperchromic

low mch = hypochromic

22
Q

define mch

A

average amount of total hgb

23
Q

define mchc

A

average concentration % of hgb in single RBC

24
Q

MCHC high = ________

MCHC low = _________

A

high mchc = hyperchromic

low mchc = hypochromic

25
Q

RBC indices for microcytic/hypochromic

A

low MCV and MCH/MCHC

26
Q

RBC indices for normocytic normochromic

A

normal MCV and MCH/MCHC

27
Q

RBC indices for macrocytic normochromic/hyperchromic

A

high MCV and normal/high MCH/MCHC

28
Q

Types/causes of microcytic hypochromic anemia (4)

A

IDA, ACD, thalassemia, chronic blood loss

29
Q

Types/causes of macrocytic normochromic anemia

A

Vit. B12 deficiency, folci acid deficiency, alcoholism, liver disease

30
Q

Normocytic normochromic anemia

A

Chronic blood loss, acute blood loss, hemolytic anemia(sickle cell), aplastic anemia

31
Q

How much iron of the body is in the RBC line

A

2/3rds

32
Q

______ is the most common cause of anemia world wide

A

IDA

33
Q

IDA is usually caused by ______ in the _____

A

chronic blood loss in the GI tract

34
Q

TIBC/Serum Iron/Serum ferritin for IDA

A

TIBC = high
Serum iron = low
Serum ferritin = low

35
Q

TIBC/Serum Iron/Serum ferritin for ACD

A

TIBC = low
Serum iron = low
Serum ferritin = high

36
Q

If anemia of chronic disease has abnormal results from a urinalysis it is relabeled as _____

A

anemia of renal disease = ARD

37
Q

Thalassemia anemia is characterized by reduced synthesis of alpha/beta proteins for _________

A

hemoglobin

38
Q

Thalassemia is a ________ type of anemia

A

microcytic hypochromic anemia

39
Q

Thalassemia major (life threatening stage of disease) is AKA _________

A

Cooley’s Anemia

40
Q

A skull radiograph with a hair on end appearance is associated with _________

A

thalassemia

41
Q

TIBC/Serum Iron/Serum ferritin for thalassemia

A

TIBC/Serum Iron/Serum ferritin = all normal

42
Q

If there is normal serum iron and normal TIBC for thalassemia what test should be performed to classify the thalassemia type

A

hemoglobin electrophoresis

43
Q

If low iron serum and low TIBC a ________ test should be done to decide between ACD/ARD

A

UA

44
Q

Of the macrocytic normochromic anemias what 2 types are megaloblastic and what 2 types are nonmegaloblastic

A 
megaloblastic = B12 and B9 deficiencies
nonmegaloblastic = alcholism and liver disease
45
Q

B12 and B9 deficiencies in anemias cause an inhibition of ________ synthesis in ________ production

A

B12 and B9 inhibit DNA synthesis in RBC production

46
Q

The MC cause of B12 deficiency is _______ which is called ______ anemia

A

intrinsic factor deficiency called pernicious anemia

47
Q

What blood disease has an absolute increase in all cell types

A

Primary polycythemia

Visceral Disorders (2 decks)

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