Hematology Flashcards
Reed-Sternberg cells are a sign for what type of Lymphoma?
Hodgkins Lymphoma
What are aggravating or trigger factors for Sickling?
Excessive consumption of animal protein, not enough oxygen & any condition leading to dehydration
Cyanocobalamin is also known as….
Vitamin B12 - found in animal sources - meat, Liver, eggs
What is reasonable primary diagnosis for an 11 year old who complains of fatigue, developing frequent bruising, alternating fever & night sweats, common nose bleeding?
ALL - Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia S&S common with Aplastic Anemia as well but this wasn’t a choice)
Most common cause of Neutrophilia is?
Acute bacterial infection
Reticulocytosis can be seen as a result of what type of bleeding?
Chronic bleeding
Autosplenectomy is a common side affect of what type of anemia?
Sickle cell anemia - rejection of cells bc of thrombosis and ischemia
Most commonly, lymphocytosis is due to what?
Viral infection - common cold, second most common is lymphocytosis (check after 3 wks of primary presentation) and can signify an auto-immune condition, if immature think of WBC cancers/leukemia or lymphoma
In iron deficiency anemia total iron binding capacity is increased or decreased?…
TIBC is Increased & ferritin levels are decreased
What is the most likely pathogenesis of megaloblastic anemia?
Deficiency of DNA production in plasma cell
Prominent jaundice is a characteristic of what kind of anemia?
Hemolytic
What prominent etiology will lead to relative polycythemia?
Watery diarrhea for a few days
Elderly female who is severely dehydrated will show with what type of polycythemia?
Relative Polycythemia; heat exhaustion, persistent watery diarrhea, persistent vomiting and loss of fluids or not consuming enough fluids (not bc blood cells increase in amount but bc water content is diminished)
What leading disorder has X-linked Recessive gene mode of inheritance?
Hemophilia A & B
Bence-Jones proteins are found in what disorder?
Multiple Myeloid - fragments of immunoglobulins produced by plasma cells found in urinalysis (KD tubules) - will only present in this disorder
Philadelphia Chromosome is related to what type of leukemia?
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia - translocation of gene 9 & 22
The active bone marrow aka Myeloid is situated where?
skull, vertebrae, pelvic bone, ribs and sternum (flat bones)
Pernicious anemia is most commonly caused by auto-immune atrophic what?
Gastritis
A patient presents with high titer of antibodies against parietal cells IF (intrinsic factor), what kind of anemia would this be?
Pernicious anemia - Patients, who suffer with chronic auto-immune atrophic gastritis (the etiology remains obscure and usually noted as familial disease), are unable to produce Intrinsic Factor complex as carrier molecules for cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) absorption through the mucosal barrier of jejunoileum. This complex is produced by parietal cells of the stomach, which are atrophied in this condition. This PARTICULAR MALABSORPTION B12 Deficiency Anemia is addressed as PERNICIOUS ANEMIA. Strong prerequisite for Gastric Cancer.
What pre-natal vitamin deficiency is linked with spina bifida syndrome?
Folic Acid
In Pathogenesis of sickle cell anemia, what amino acid is substituted in Hemoglobin A chain for what amino Acid creating a Hemoglobin S chain instead?
Valine is used in place of glutamic acid at position 6 of a beta chain
Decreased hematocrit along with diminished MCV, with pica, koilinichia, pagophagia etc is linked to what type of anema?
Iron-deficiency anemia
Which clotting factor is affected in VonWillibrand disease?
VIII - 8, both produced by endothelium of the blood vessels when the injury occurs & VIII-8 also produced by the Liver.
Biopsy of the patient marrow reveals pancytopenia =?
Aplastic Anemia
The blood work from patient 0 showed high concentration of anti-IF, anti-bodies and anti-parietal cells antibodies =?
Pernicious anemia
4 year old female noticed enjoying putting ice cubes and soil into her mouth =?
Iron-deficiency anemia
Discovery of an excessive hematocrit count in an overly dehydrated elderly female =?
Relative Polycythemia
Discovery of an excessive hematocrit count in a patient who was diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma =?
Secondary Absolute Polycythemia
If MCV & Hematocrit are both down - what type of Anemia is this?
Iron - Deficiency Anemia
If normal MCV(blood cells size normal) & decreased Hematocrit (not enough of them) - what type of Anemia is this?
Anemia of Chronic disease or Acute severe blood loss like in post pardom or menorrhagia
If a person has increase MCV and a history of Gastroenterology what type of Anemia would this be?
Pernicious Anemia
Myeloid or Myelogenous Leukemia affects what cells?
Granulocytes & Monocytes
T/F Hodgkins Lymphoma does not present in blood?
True, it is a solid form and can only be found via biopsy. Non-Hodgkins has a leukemia component and is both Solid and liquid form however so will be found in plasma and in nodes. All are malignant
