Hematology Flashcards
Type of specimen that has an increase concentration of bilirubin
Icteric blood sample
3 phases of hematopoietic development
Mesoblastic phase
Hepatic phase
Medullary or myeloid phase
How far does a fire extinguisher must be in every lab?
75 ft
A bleach solution with sand
Tuberculoidal disinfectant
He noted that carbon dioxide was taken up by the blood from the tissues and discharged in the lungs
E.F. Pfluger
What does LE means in LE cell preparation?
Lupus erythrematosus
Angle of spreader slide against the first slide
30-45 degrees
Define segmenters
Thin nuclear filaments that connects 2 lobes
Insufficient staining, prolonged washing time, acidity of stain is too high, and exposure of the stain to acidic cause this staining problem
Excessively pink stained
An antiglycolytic agent
Sodium fluoride
Optimal concentration of EDTA
1.5 mg/ml of blood
Specific gravity of blood
1.048-1.066
Used in the preparation of buffy coat for LE cell examination
Defibrination
As the cell matures, amount of cytoplasm _____. For as to cell size, it becomes _____
Increases. Smaller
Main erythroid organ in the hepatic phase
Liver
Stage of erythropoieses wherein fragments of nucleus have been disappear
Reticulocyte
N/C ratio of basophilic normoblast
6:1
Promoted study of plasma
Johannes Muller
Karl Landsteiner contribution
Discovered the existence of ABO antigens and proposed 4 major blood types
Anticoagulant of yellow tube
Adenine citrine dexthrose and Sodium polyethanol sulfate
Type of AC that causes aggregation of cells
Heparin
Define hematopoiesis
Formation and development of blood cells in the bone marrow
Stage of erythropoieses in which hemoglobin production starts
Rubricyte
Stem cell theory in which each blood cell is derived from its own unique stem cell
Polyphyletic theory
Multiple extraction in a single draw from a single patient
Evacuated system
Transmigration is faster than other WBCs
Neutrophil
The following fxns as phagocytes except: Basophil Neutrophil Monocyte Lymphocyte
Lymphocyte
Established many of the normal limits of the blood composition
Walter Cannon
Test done for yellow tubes
Blood cultures
Coagulation factor #4
Calcium
Type of specimen that has a greater concentration of lipids
Lipemic specimen
Main organ in the mesoblastic phase
Mesodermal cells of the yolk sac
2 types of agranulocyte
Lymphocyte
Monocyte
What basophil produces?
Histamine
Heparin
Serotonin
Technique for recapping needles
Fish out technique
Chain of infection for biological hazards
Source
Mode of transmission
Host
In skin puncture, how do we puncture fingertip? Is the lancet parallel or in perpendicular to the fingertip?
In perpendicular
What vein in the antecubital fossa must be used in venipuncture?
Median cubital vein
Color of serum tubes
Red
Needle used in bone marrow aspiration
Jamshidi needle
Viscosity of blood compared to water
5x more viscouse
Serum contaims fibrinogen whereas plasma does not contain fibrinogen. Is it true or false?
False
It destroys histamine and produces anti histamine
Eosinophil
When using a plastic test tube for platelet, how does ot affect platelet count? Falsely low or falsely high?
Falsely low
Coagulation factor #2
Thrombin
Most common site for aspiration
Iliac crest
Capillary tube must be filled with blood for at least _______
Two-thirds
In order for a fire to occur, these 3 components must be present
Oxygen
Source of heat
Fuel
TRUE or FALSE: A safety practice in the hema lab includes quarterly fire drill
True
Blue-stoppered tubes contain anticoagulant which is commonly used in what hematological tests?
Coagulation tests
In the hema lab, the majority of specimens are collected in lavender-stoppered tubes. The primary additive in these tubes is:
EDTA
Define hematology
Scientific study of the structure and functions of blood in health and in disease
Erasistratus said that the cause of disease was due to undigested food
Plethora
Anticoagulant in a green-stoppered tubesis also known as the naturally occurring anticoagulant and is referred to as:
Heparin
The vein of choice for venipuncture
Median cubital vein
Yellow-stoppered tibes are used for
Blood cultures
Term used to refer to the measurement of the diameter of the needle
Gauge
Anticoagulant for preserving the morphology of blood cells
EDTA
To inhibit glycolytic action, this anticoagulant is used and is found in gray-stoppered evacuated tubes
Sodium fluoride
Type of microscopy for the performance of manual platelet count
Phase contrast microscopy
It makes use of a diluent that fixes and preserves RBC as well as the platelets and preventtheir disintegration; colors the latter light bluish for easy identificatio
Rees-Ecker method
Each of the intermediate squares in the central square used in RBC count covers an area of
1/25
The total volume used in RBC count is computed by
1/25 sq.mm X 5 X 0.1 mm
Most common hemocytometer used in blood cells counting has the ruling of
Neubauer
Method of platelet count which makes use of 1% ammonium oxalate in distilled water in system
Brecher Cronkite method
Where in the ruled area of the platelets counted following the Brecher Cronkite method?
Entire central large square
In routing RBC count, the red cells are counted under HPO in the following number of smallest squares:
80
Each of the smallest squars in WBC count measures an area of
1/16
Most important consideration of the diluting fluid used in routine RBC count
Isotonic in concentration
The diluting fluids used in manual WBC count and PLT count share similarly in
Hypotonic concentration
RBC count should be repeated whenever the greatest variation between the R squares exceeds a minimun of
10 cells
Hemoglobin that is of highest concentration among newborns
Hb F
The Sahli method of hgb determination is based on the conversion of Hb to
Acid hematin
Where is hgb produced?
In the nucleated RBCs of the bone marrow
In order for oxygen to bind with hgb, iron should be in what state?
Ferrous state
What is methemoglobin?
A. Hgb in which ferrous state has been oxidized to ferric
B. Hgb in which ferric has been oxidized to ferrous
A
In the cyanmethgb method, whole blood is mized with Drabkin’s rgt which consists of _____ to convert hgb to methgb, and the ____ to convert methgb to cyanmethgb
Potassium ferricyanide; Potassium cyanide
Heme is a chemical structure made of porphyrin rings with an ______ atom inserted in the center and is attached to four ____ atoms
Iron; nitrogen
The polypepetode chains in one Hb A molecule is composed of how many amino acids
574 amino acids
Iron is metabolized in the _____ for the synthesis of heme
Mitochondria
Indirect method of Hb determination based on the oxygen content of the blood
Gasometric method
Which of the following describes erythropoeitin?
A. Renal hormone that regulates marrow RBC prod
B. Marrow hormone secreted by developing erythroblasts
C. Produced primarily by the liver
D. Low levels among individuals living at high altitude
A
Cell stage - prod of primary granules ceases and prod od secondary granules commences
Promyelocyte
Stage of lymphocytic series seen in the bone marrow, thymus, and secondary lymphoid tissues
Prolymphocyte
Method that can be used both in ESR and Hct determination
Wintrobe method
Value which is taken from tne separation of erythrocyte from the plasma after controlled compaction and dispersion
ZSR
In multiple myeloma, ESR is expected to be abnormally increased or decreased?
Abnormally increased
This stage of erythrocytic series is described to be pyknotic erythroblast
Metarubricyte
The two stages of granulocytes found in the circulating blood are
Band cells and segmented cell
The proliferative compartment of the leukocyte is also known as
Mitotic pool
WBC - granules stain red and nucleus stains bluish
Eosinophils
WBC - reddish lilac granules with bluish violet nucleus
Neutrophils
WBC - cytoplasm faint blue gray tinge with light blue nucleus
Monocytes
WBC - bluish cytoplasm with eccentric nucleus
Lymphocytes
WBC - granules stain blue or dark bluish purple
Basophils
