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Board Exam > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

0
Q

Type of specimen that has an increase concentration of bilirubin

A

Icteric blood sample

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1
Q

3 phases of hematopoietic development

A

Mesoblastic phase
Hepatic phase
Medullary or myeloid phase

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2
Q

How far does a fire extinguisher must be in every lab?

A

75 ft

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3
Q

A bleach solution with sand

A

Tuberculoidal disinfectant

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4
Q

He noted that carbon dioxide was taken up by the blood from the tissues and discharged in the lungs

A

E.F. Pfluger

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5
Q

What does LE means in LE cell preparation?

A

Lupus erythrematosus

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6
Q

Angle of spreader slide against the first slide

A

30-45 degrees

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7
Q

Define segmenters

A

Thin nuclear filaments that connects 2 lobes

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8
Q

Insufficient staining, prolonged washing time, acidity of stain is too high, and exposure of the stain to acidic cause this staining problem

A

Excessively pink stained

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9
Q

An antiglycolytic agent

A

Sodium fluoride

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10
Q

Optimal concentration of EDTA

A

1.5 mg/ml of blood

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11
Q

Specific gravity of blood

A

1.048-1.066

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12
Q

Used in the preparation of buffy coat for LE cell examination

A

Defibrination

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13
Q

As the cell matures, amount of cytoplasm _____. For as to cell size, it becomes _____

A

Increases. Smaller

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14
Q

Main erythroid organ in the hepatic phase

A

Liver

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15
Q

Stage of erythropoieses wherein fragments of nucleus have been disappear

A

Reticulocyte

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16
Q

N/C ratio of basophilic normoblast

A

6:1

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17
Q

Promoted study of plasma

A

Johannes Muller

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18
Q

Karl Landsteiner contribution

A

Discovered the existence of ABO antigens and proposed 4 major blood types

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19
Q

Anticoagulant of yellow tube

A

Adenine citrine dexthrose and Sodium polyethanol sulfate

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20
Q

Type of AC that causes aggregation of cells

A

Heparin

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21
Q

Define hematopoiesis

A

Formation and development of blood cells in the bone marrow

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22
Q

Stage of erythropoieses in which hemoglobin production starts

A

Rubricyte

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23
Q

Stem cell theory in which each blood cell is derived from its own unique stem cell

A

Polyphyletic theory

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24
Q

Multiple extraction in a single draw from a single patient

A

Evacuated system

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25
Q

Transmigration is faster than other WBCs

A

Neutrophil

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26
Q 
The following fxns as phagocytes except:
Basophil
Neutrophil
Monocyte
Lymphocyte
A

Lymphocyte

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27
Q

Established many of the normal limits of the blood composition

A

Walter Cannon

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28
Q

Test done for yellow tubes

A

Blood cultures

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29
Q

Coagulation factor #4

A

Calcium

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30
Q

Type of specimen that has a greater concentration of lipids

A

Lipemic specimen

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31
Q

Main organ in the mesoblastic phase

A

Mesodermal cells of the yolk sac

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32
Q

2 types of agranulocyte

A

Lymphocyte

Monocyte

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33
Q

What basophil produces?

A

Histamine
Heparin
Serotonin

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34
Q

Technique for recapping needles

A

Fish out technique

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35
Q

Chain of infection for biological hazards

A

Source
Mode of transmission
Host

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36
Q

In skin puncture, how do we puncture fingertip? Is the lancet parallel or in perpendicular to the fingertip?

A

In perpendicular

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37
Q

What vein in the antecubital fossa must be used in venipuncture?

A

Median cubital vein

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38
Q

Color of serum tubes

A

Red

39
Q

Needle used in bone marrow aspiration

A

Jamshidi needle

40
Q

Viscosity of blood compared to water

A

5x more viscouse

41
Q

Serum contaims fibrinogen whereas plasma does not contain fibrinogen. Is it true or false?

A

False

42
Q

It destroys histamine and produces anti histamine

A

Eosinophil

43
Q

When using a plastic test tube for platelet, how does ot affect platelet count? Falsely low or falsely high?

A

Falsely low

44
Q

Coagulation factor #2

A

Thrombin

45
Q

Most common site for aspiration

A

Iliac crest

46
Q

Capillary tube must be filled with blood for at least _______

A

Two-thirds

47
Q

In order for a fire to occur, these 3 components must be present

A

Oxygen
Source of heat
Fuel

48
Q

TRUE or FALSE: A safety practice in the hema lab includes quarterly fire drill

A

True

49
Q

Blue-stoppered tubes contain anticoagulant which is commonly used in what hematological tests?

A

Coagulation tests

50
Q

In the hema lab, the majority of specimens are collected in lavender-stoppered tubes. The primary additive in these tubes is:

A

EDTA

51
Q

Define hematology

A

Scientific study of the structure and functions of blood in health and in disease

52
Q

Erasistratus said that the cause of disease was due to undigested food

A

Plethora

53
Q

Anticoagulant in a green-stoppered tubesis also known as the naturally occurring anticoagulant and is referred to as:

A

Heparin

54
Q

The vein of choice for venipuncture

A

Median cubital vein

55
Q

Yellow-stoppered tibes are used for

A

Blood cultures

56
Q

Term used to refer to the measurement of the diameter of the needle

A

Gauge

57
Q

Anticoagulant for preserving the morphology of blood cells

A

EDTA

58
Q

To inhibit glycolytic action, this anticoagulant is used and is found in gray-stoppered evacuated tubes

A

Sodium fluoride

59
Q

Type of microscopy for the performance of manual platelet count

A

Phase contrast microscopy

60
Q

It makes use of a diluent that fixes and preserves RBC as well as the platelets and preventtheir disintegration; colors the latter light bluish for easy identificatio

A

Rees-Ecker method

61
Q

Each of the intermediate squares in the central square used in RBC count covers an area of

A

1/25

62
Q

The total volume used in RBC count is computed by

A

1/25 sq.mm X 5 X 0.1 mm

63
Q

Most common hemocytometer used in blood cells counting has the ruling of

A

Neubauer

64
Q

Method of platelet count which makes use of 1% ammonium oxalate in distilled water in system

A

Brecher Cronkite method

65
Q

Where in the ruled area of the platelets counted following the Brecher Cronkite method?

A

Entire central large square

66
Q

In routing RBC count, the red cells are counted under HPO in the following number of smallest squares:

A

80

67
Q

Each of the smallest squars in WBC count measures an area of

A

1/16

68
Q

Most important consideration of the diluting fluid used in routine RBC count

A

Isotonic in concentration

69
Q

The diluting fluids used in manual WBC count and PLT count share similarly in

A

Hypotonic concentration

70
Q

RBC count should be repeated whenever the greatest variation between the R squares exceeds a minimun of

A

10 cells

71
Q

Hemoglobin that is of highest concentration among newborns

A

Hb F

72
Q

The Sahli method of hgb determination is based on the conversion of Hb to

A

Acid hematin

73
Q

Where is hgb produced?

A

In the nucleated RBCs of the bone marrow

74
Q

In order for oxygen to bind with hgb, iron should be in what state?

A

Ferrous state

75
Q

What is methemoglobin?
A. Hgb in which ferrous state has been oxidized to ferric
B. Hgb in which ferric has been oxidized to ferrous

A

A

76
Q

In the cyanmethgb method, whole blood is mized with Drabkin’s rgt which consists of _____ to convert hgb to methgb, and the ____ to convert methgb to cyanmethgb

A

Potassium ferricyanide; Potassium cyanide

77
Q

Heme is a chemical structure made of porphyrin rings with an ______ atom inserted in the center and is attached to four ____ atoms

A

Iron; nitrogen

78
Q

The polypepetode chains in one Hb A molecule is composed of how many amino acids

A

574 amino acids

79
Q

Iron is metabolized in the _____ for the synthesis of heme

A

Mitochondria

80
Q

Indirect method of Hb determination based on the oxygen content of the blood

A

Gasometric method

81
Q

Which of the following describes erythropoeitin?
A. Renal hormone that regulates marrow RBC prod
B. Marrow hormone secreted by developing erythroblasts
C. Produced primarily by the liver
D. Low levels among individuals living at high altitude

A

A

82
Q

Cell stage - prod of primary granules ceases and prod od secondary granules commences

A

Promyelocyte

83
Q

Stage of lymphocytic series seen in the bone marrow, thymus, and secondary lymphoid tissues

A

Prolymphocyte

84
Q

Method that can be used both in ESR and Hct determination

A

Wintrobe method

85
Q

Value which is taken from tne separation of erythrocyte from the plasma after controlled compaction and dispersion

A

ZSR

86
Q

In multiple myeloma, ESR is expected to be abnormally increased or decreased?

A

Abnormally increased

87
Q

This stage of erythrocytic series is described to be pyknotic erythroblast

A

Metarubricyte

88
Q

The two stages of granulocytes found in the circulating blood are

A

Band cells and segmented cell

89
Q

The proliferative compartment of the leukocyte is also known as

A

Mitotic pool

90
Q

WBC - granules stain red and nucleus stains bluish

A

Eosinophils

91
Q

WBC - reddish lilac granules with bluish violet nucleus

A

Neutrophils

92
Q

WBC - cytoplasm faint blue gray tinge with light blue nucleus

A

Monocytes

93
Q

WBC - bluish cytoplasm with eccentric nucleus

A

Lymphocytes

94
Q

WBC - granules stain blue or dark bluish purple

A

Basophils

Board Exam (5 decks)

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