Hematology

Question 1

What is DIC?

Answer 1

Inappropriate triggering of the coagulation cascade.

Question 2

Pathophysiology for DIC

Answer 2

Instead of a local response to tissue/vascular injury, you get a widespread release of prothrombotic factors. so you have exaggerated microvascular coagulation, depletion of clotting factors, and subsequent bleeding.

Question 3

what is the most common cause for acute DIC?

Answer 3

Sepsis

Question 4

What are the 4 diagnostic components of DIC?

Answer 4

excessive rate of clot formation, increased rate of clot dissolution, consumption of essential clotting factors, MODS

Question 5

Clinical manifestations of DIC?

Answer 5

mental status changes, angina, hypoxemia, oliguria, nonspecific hepatitis, cyanosis, s/s of bleeding

Question 6

DIC treatment

Answer 6

find the cause and fix it, maintain adequate volume status, keep them vasodilated, screen/eliminate all drugs with potential for bleeding, correct hypovolemia, hypotension, hypoxia, and acidosis, give platelets, and FFP

Question 7

Nursing management for DIC

Answer 7

prevent infection, facilitate O2 delivery to tissue, decrease tissue 02 demand, facilitate nutritional support, comfort/emotional support, monitor labs, pain control, monitor for complications