Hematologic System Flashcards
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
To transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
True or False: White blood cells are primarily responsible for clotting.
False
What is the liquid component of blood called?
Plasma
Fill in the blank: Hemoglobin is a protein that carries _______ in red blood cells.
oxygen
What is the normal range of hemoglobin for adult males?
14 to 18 g/dL
grams per deciliter.
Which type of white blood cell is primarily involved in allergic reactions?
Basophils
What is thrombocytopenia?
A condition characterized by low platelet count.
True or False: Platelets are also known as thrombocytes.
True
What is the function of the spleen in the hematologic system?
To filter blood and remove old or damaged blood cells.
What is the role of bone marrow in the hematologic system?
To produce blood cells.
What is the medical term for the process of blood cell production?
Hematopoiesis
Which vitamin is essential for proper blood clotting?
Vitamin K
Fill in the blank: The main type of white blood cell involved in fighting infections is _______.
Neutrophils
What is anemia?
A condition where there is a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin.
True or False: Iron is necessary for the production of hemoglobin.
True
What is the function of neutrophils?
To engulf and destroy pathogens.
Which blood type is known as the universal donor?
Type O
What is the primary component of plasma?
Water
Fill in the blank: Hemolysis is the breakdown of _______.
red blood cells
What is a common symptom of thrombocytopenia?
Easy bruising
What does a complete blood count (CBC) measure?
The amounts and sizes of your red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells and platelets.
True or False: Lymphocytes are a type of red blood cell.
False
What is hemophilia?
A genetic disorder that impairs the body’s ability to make blood clots.
Fill in the blank: The main function of plasma proteins is to maintain _______ pressure.
osmotic
Which condition is characterized by high levels of white blood cells?
Leukemia
What is the role of macrophages in the hematologic system?
To phagocytize (engulf) pathogens and dead cells.
True or False: Blood transfusions can only be performed with matching blood types.
True
What is the primary role of B cells?
To produce antibodies.
What does the term ‘coagulation’ refer to?
The process of blood clotting.
Fill in the blank: The antigen present on type A blood is _______.
A
What is polycythemia?
An increase in the number of red blood cells in the bloodstream.
Which hormone stimulates the production of red blood cells?
Erythropoietin
True or False: Sickle cell is a form of anemia.
True
What is the function of fibrin in the clotting process?
To form a mesh that stabilizes the blood clot.
What is the primary site of blood cell production in adults?
Bone marrow
Fill in the blank: The normal range of white blood cells is _______ to _______ cells per microliter of blood.
5,000 to 9,000
What is the main function of T cells?
To kill infected host cells and activate other immune cells.
What is thrombosis?
The formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel.
True or False: Hemoglobin can carry carbon dioxide as well as oxygen.
True
What is the primary cause of iron-deficiency anemia?
Insufficient iron intake or absorption.
Fill in the blank: The main type of leukocyte involved in allergic responses is _______.
basophils
What is the purpose of a blood smear?
To examine blood cells under a microscope for abnormalities.
What is the function of the lymphatic system in relation to the hematologic system?
To transport lymph, which contains white blood cells, and to return excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream.
True or False: Hematocrit is the percentage of blood volume that is made up of red blood cells.
True
What does the term ‘leukopenia’ refer to?
A decrease in the number of white blood cells.
Fill in the blank: The most abundant type of plasma protein is _______.
albumin
What is the role of interleukins?
To mediate communication between white blood cells.
What is a common treatment for anemia?
Iron supplements
True or False: Blood type AB has both A and B antigens.
True
What is the primary function of the kidneys in relation to the hematologic system?
To produce erythropoietin, which stimulates red blood cell production.
Fill in the blank: The presence of _______ in the blood indicates an infection.
white blood cells
What is the main function of plasma in the blood?
To transport nutrients, hormones, and waste products.
True or False: All blood types can receive blood from any other type.
False
What is the term for the process of blood cell formation in the fetus?
Extramedullary hematopoiesis
What are the two main types of leukocytes?
Granulocytes and agranulocytes.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is responsible for filtering blood and recycling iron from red blood cells.
spleen
What is the function of serum?
To provide nutrients and hormones to the body, and to carry waste products.
True or False: Blood can be classified as either arterial or venous.
True
