Hematologic Emergencies

Question 1

Plasma

Answer 1

92% water 6-7% proteins

Accounts for 55% of blood

Question 2

Erythrocytes

Answer 2

Red blood cells

Question 3

Leukocytes

Answer 3

White blood cells

Question 4

Thrombocytes

Answer 4

Platelets

Question 5

Production of RBC’s

Answer 5

Occurs within stem cells inside of the bone marrow

Question 6

Hemoglobin

Answer 6

Identifies amount of hemoglobin found within the RBC’s

Question 7

Hematocrit

Answer 7

Proportion of red blood cells in the blood

Question 8

WBC’s

Answer 8

Larger than RBC’s provide body with immunity against foreign invaders

Question 9

Platelets

Answer 9

Are smallest of formed elements

Form initial clot following injury

Question 10

Hemostasis

Answer 10

Process body takes to stop bleeding

Question 11

Clotting Factors

Answer 11

Liver produces clotting factors and filters, removes toxins of RBC’s
As old RBC’s enter liver and are broken down they are formed into bile

Question 12

Spleen

Answer 12

Filters and breaks down RBC’s as well

Helps produce lymphocytes

Question 13

ABO System

Answer 13

Types of blood A B AB O
A antigen is A
A antibody is B

Question 14

Clotting Cascade

Answer 14

Process by which clotting factors work together to form fibrin

Question 15

Coagulopathies

Answer 15

Bleeding Disorders that can lead to heavy or prolonged bleeding

Question 16

Sickle Cell Disease

Answer 16

Leading inherited blood disorder
Sickle shaped RBC’s make the cells poor carriers for oxygen
May cause cells to lodge in small vessels

Question 17

Aplastic Crisis

Answer 17

Body Stops production of Red blood cells, causing the patient to become easily tired, nemic, pale and sob

Question 18

Hemolytic Crisis

Answer 18

Acute red blood cell destruction leading to jaundice

Question 19

Splenic Sequestration Crisis

Answer 19

Caused by sickle cells within spleen blocking blood from leaving the spleen, which results in painful, acute enlargement of spleen and a hard bloated abdomen
Oxygen and Pain Management

Question 20

Anemia

Answer 20

Defined as hemoglobin or RBC’s level lower than normal

Question 21

Iron deficiency anemia

Answer 21

SOB, worn down, weak

Question 22

Leukemia

Answer 22

Disease in lympnode system

Can cause frequent bleeding, bruising, infections and fever

Question 23

Lymphomas

Answer 23

Group of malignant diseases that arise within lymphoid system

Question 24

Hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 24

Painless, progressive enlargement of the lymphoid Glands, most commonly affecting spleen and lymph nodes