Hemato

Question 1

Macroangiopathic hemolytic anemia

Answer 1

caused by mechanical destruction of erythrocytes in the systemic circulation. Prosthetic heart valves are a known cause of macroangiopathic hemolysis

Question 2

What does the smear show?

Answer 2

Fragmented erythrocytes, which are convex on one side (examples indicated by blue lines) and concave on the other (examples indicated by yellow lines), are visible among the normal erythrocytes. These fragmented erythrocytes are referred to as schistocytes.

Question 3

Haptoglobin interpretation

Answer 3

• Decreased: Intravascular hemolysis
• Normal: Extravascular hemolysis

Question 4

XXXXXX is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia and sepsis in patients with SCD.

Answer 4

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia and sepsis in patients with SCD.

Question 5

Reciprocal translocation 15, 17

Answer 5

Acute promyelocytic leukemia
M3 variant

Tx: Vit A (All-trans retinoic acid, ATRA)

Question 6

Answer 6

Smudge cells

remnants of abnormally fragile lymphocytes that have ruptured. This finding is not exclusive to chronic lymphocytic leukemia but is often present and considered pathognomonic for this condition

Question 7

The most common cause of generalized lymphadenopathy in > 65 year olds

Answer 7

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Question 8

Low leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) is a distinct feature of

Answer 8

Chronic myelocytic leukemia

Also t(9;22) translocation (Philadelphia chromosome)
Tx: imatinib

Question 9

Dx?

Myeloperoxidase-positive granules

Answer 9

Myeloperoxidase-positive granules are a typical finding in the blast cells of AML and differentiate AML from acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which is characterized by blast cells that are myeloperoxidase negative

Question 10

CD15/30 positive cells

Answer 10

Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 11

Finding associated with poor prognosis in Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, testicular cancer, Acute myelogenous leukemia

Answer 11

High LDH

Question 12

B symptoms, painless lymphadenopathy, anemia, and an increased serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). In conjunction with CD20 on malignant lymphocytes

Answer 12

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Question 13

most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma in adults

Answer 13

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Question 14

Most common cause of hyperCa++ in Hodgkin Lymphoma

Answer 14

Ectopic vitamin D production as a result of increased 1α-hydroxylase activity in proliferating lymphoid tissue is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma