HEMA (WBC ABNORMALITIES) Flashcards
Mutation in the LAMIN B-RECEPTOR GENE
Pelger-Huet (Hyposegmentaion)
Nuclear shape may resemble dumbbell or a pair of eyeglasses, peanut, spectacle, “PINCE NEZ”
Pelger-Huet
Function of the cell is considered normal despite the morphological abnormality
Pelger-Huet
Hypersegmentation can be seen in pxs with:
Megaloblastic anemia (Vit. B12 and Folic acid deficiency)
precipitated mucopolysaccharide
Alder-Reilly anomaly
it can resemble very coarse toxic granulation
Alder-Reilly anomaly
where is Alder-Reilly commonly seen?
In pxs with HURLER, HUNTER, MUCOPOLYSACCHARAIDOSIS
represents abnormal lysosomal development
CHEDIAK-HIGASHI SYNDROME
Neutrophils display impaired chemotaxis and delayed killing of bacteria
CHEDIAK-HIGASHI SYNDROME
Chediak-Higashi syndrome may be seen in:
Pxs with ALBINISM
Melanin is trapped in melanosomes
CHEDIAK-HIGASHI
Precipitated MYOSIN heavy chains
May-Hegglin Anomaly
characterized by the presence of Dohle-like bodies
MAY-HEGGLIN ANOMALY
GIANT PLATELETS
MAY-HEGGLIN ANOMALY
ASSOCIATED WITH THROMBOCYTOPENIA
MAY-HEGGLIN ANOMALY
Difference between Dohle bodies and May-Hegglin
May-Hegglin: Precipitated Myosin, Heavy chains
Dohle bodies: Lamellar rows of RER
Mutation in the MYH9 GENE on chromosome 22q12-13 / Disordered production of MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN TYPE IIA
MAY-HEGGLIN ANOMALY
Aggregates of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RNA)
Dohle bodies
Dohle bodies are seen in
Viral infections, burns, certain drugs
Fused primary granules, (+) Peroxidase
AUER RODS
Mass of AUER RODS
FAGGOT CELLS - seen in M3 (APL-Associated w/ DIC)
Small, gram-negative bacteria that primarily invades leukocytes
EHRLICHIA
Defects in neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis
Job’s syndrome / Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome
Neutrophils have Poor Directional motility but with NORMAL random activity
Job’s syndrome
Both random and directional movement of the cells are defective
LAZY LEUKOCYTE SYNDROME
Ingest but cannot kill cat-pos bacteria due to the lack of respiratory burst. Unable to reduce NITROBLUE TETRAZOLIUM.
Chronic granulomatous disease
neutrophil with nucleus wrapped around
LE CELLS
Large block of chromatin
Type I Atypical lymphocyte/Downey cell
Atypical lymphocytes with many vacuoles
Type I
Atypical lymphocytes resembling plasma cells
TYPE II
TYPE I Atypical lymphocyte:
Plasmacytoid lymphocyte or Turk’s Irritation cell
TYPE II Atypical lymphocyte:
Infectious Mononucleosis Cell
Round mass of chromatin “Ballerina skirt” “Fried egg” “Flared skirt”
Type II (IM)
Immature form of lymphocytes
TYPE III
“SWISS CHEESE” “MOTH EATEN”
TYPE III: TRANSFORMED LYMPHOCYTES OR RETICULAR LYMPHOCYTES
nucleus is notched, lobulated, and cloverleaf-like
RIEDER CELLS
Cells artificially produced in smear or occurs in CLL
Smudge cell & Rieder cell
To reduce smudge cells in smear:
Add 22% BOVINE
Represents the bare nuclei of lymphocyte and neutrophil
SMUDGE CELLS
Increased fragility increases the percentage of what cell?
SMUDGE CELLS
B-cells with HAIRY-LIKE projections
HAIRY CELL
Not inhibited by tartaric acid or Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase (TRAP +)
HAIRY CELL
Distinctive folded, groove-like chromatin pattern described as CEREBRIFORM “Brain-like”
SEZARY CELLS
Mature T lymphocytes in Sezary displays a phenotype with a reactivity for
CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5
Monocyte which has ingested another cell/nucleus of another cell. “Mono with ingested lympho”
TART CELL
Infectious Mononucleosis is caused by
EBV
What is the target cell of EBV
B CELLS (CD21)
Atypical lymphocytes in Infectious Mononucleosis
T cells reacting to B cells infection with EBV
Thumbprint appearance
Smudge cell
Nuclear remnant of lymphocyte
Basket cell/Smudge cell
NETLIKE chromatin pattern
BASKET CELL/Smudge cell
Increased IgG; seen in Multiple Myeloma
FLAME CELLS
Cytoplasm is completely filled with RUSSEL BODIES
GRAPE OR MOTT CELLS / BERY / MORULA
Large, red staining globules in the cytoplasm
Russel bodies
Inclusions present in the nucleus. Intranuclear protein inclusion
DUTCHER BODIES
Deficient enzyme in GAUCHER’S DISEASE
B-Glucocerebrosidase
Deficient enzyme in NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE
SHINGOMYELINASE
Deficient enzyme in FABRY DISEASE
A-Galactosidase
Substance STORED in Fabry disease
Ceramide Trihexoside
Deficiency in Hexosaminidase A
TAY-SACH’S
Deficiency in Hexosamide A & B
SANDHOFF’S
Accumulation of glycolipids and gangliosides
Tay sach’s & Sandhoff’s
Most common of the lysosomal storage disease
GAUCHER’S DISEASE
With characteristic wrinkled cytoplasm. PAS (+)
GAUCHER’S DISEASE
Pick cell; cytoplasm appears foamy
NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE
Found in association with increased tissue stores of phospholipids and glycolipids
SEA BLUE HISTIOCYTOSIS
