Clinical Chemistry Flashcards
Measures light emitted by a single atom burned in a flame
FLAME EMISSION PHOTOMETRY
Measures Light absorbed by atoms in a ground state dissociated bu heat
ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
light source of AAS
HOLLOW-CATHODE LAMP
used for excited ions
FLAME EMISSION PHOTOMETRY
used for unexcited trace elements (Ca, Mg)
AAS
uses an LED lamp which generates light which passes through a filter and a series of slits
REFLECTANCE PHOTOMETRY
unknown sample is made to react with known solution
VOLUMETRIC (TITRIMETRIC)
Examples of volumetric
SCHALES AND SCHALES (CHLORIDE)
EDTA TITRATION METHOD (CALCIUM)
Measures amount of light BLOCKED
TURBIDIMETRY
On what tests is turbidimetry used
protein measurements
detect bacterial growth in broth cultures
broth anti microbial tests
detect clot formation
determines amount of light SCATTERED
NEPHELOMETRY
In nephelometry, light is measures at what angle?
15-90 degrees
in turbidimetry, light transmitted is ____________ to concentration
INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL
in nephelometry, detector output is _______________ to concentration
DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL
used for measurement of antigen-antibody complex
NEPHELOMETRY
what are the light sources of nephelometry
mercury-arc lamp, tungsten-filament lamp, light-emitting diode, and a laser
what type of scatter includes particle size larger than the wavelength of the light source
MIE SCATTER
type of scatter wherein the particles that are smaller will scatter light in many directions
RALEIGH SCATTER
What type of scatter occurs when cell size is larger than transmitted light (MIE SCATTER)
FORWARD SCATTER
What type of scatter occurs when there is granularity and nuclear complexity in cells?
SIDE SCATTER
migration of charged particles. used to separate and identify proteins
ELECTROPHORESIS
Buffer for alkaline electrophoresis
BARBITAL (8.6)
Buffer for acid electrophoresis
CITRATE (3-6.2)
supporting media that can separate by molecular size
Cellulose acetate
supporting media that can separate by electric charge
agarose gel
supporting media that can separate on the basis of charge and molecular size
polyacrylamide gel
Single most widespread clinical application of serum electrophoresis
DETECTION OF MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY
Technique where solutes are separated for identification based on physical differences that allow their differential distribution between a mobile phase and a stationary phase
CHROMATOGRAPHY
2 forms of chromatography
planar and column
used for fraction of sugar and amino acid
PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY
sorbent used in the stationary phase of paper chromatography
Whatman paper
semiquantitative drug screening test
THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY
extraction if drug is ____ dependent
pH dependent
biological sample used for TDM
SERUM/PLASMA
biological sample used for prohibited drugs
URINE
relative distance of migration from the point of application
RETENTION FACTOR VALUE
used for separation of steroids, barbiturates, blood, alcohol and lipids
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
useful for compounds that are naturally volatile
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
based on the fragmentation and ionization of molecules
MASS SPECTROSCOPY
GOLD STANDARD for drug testing
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
can detect 20 inborn error of metabolism from a single blood spot
TANDEM MASS SPECTROSCOPY (MS/MS)
identifies proteins of bacteria/fungi
MALDI-TOF MS
