HEMA LEC (SAFETY IN THE LAB) Flashcards
CLASS/TYPE OF FIRE
EXTINGUISHER:
A
Water, dry chemical,
loaded steam
TYPE OF
FIRE: A
Ordinary
combustibles:
paper,cloth,
plastic, wood
CLASS/TYPE OF FIRE
EXTINGUISHER: B
Dry chemical,
carbon dioxide,
halon
TYPE OF
FIRE: B
Flammable
liquids:
grease,
gasoline,
paints, oil
CLASS/TYPE OF FIRE
EXTINGUISHER: C
Dry chemical,
carbon dioxide,
halon
TYPE OF
FIRE: C
Electrical
equipment and
motor
switches
CLASS/TYPE OF FIRE
EXTINGUISHER: D
Metal X; Fought by
fire fighters only
TYPE OF
FIRE: D
Flammable
metals: Hg,
Mg, Na, Li
CLASS/TYPE OF FIRE
EXTINGUISHER: E
Allowed to burn out
and nearby
materials protected
TYPE OF
FIRE: E
Detonation
(Arsenal fire)
Green Extinguisher
Halon Extinguisher
(A- Ordinary Combustible)
Red Extinguisher
Water Extinguisher
(B- Flammable Liquids)
Blue Extinguisher
Dry Powder Extinguisher
(C- Electrical Appliances)
Yellow Extinguisher
Foam Extinguisher
(D- Combustible Metals)
Black Extinguisher
Carbon Dioxide
Extinguisher (E- Flammable
Gasses)
RACE means
Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish
PASS means
Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep
provides a barrier against
venous blood flow to help
locate a vein
Tourniquet
Tourniquet should be applied____
3 to 4 inches above
venipuncture site
Blood specimens for serum
testing must first be allowed
to clot for ____
prior to centrifugation
30-60 minutes
Prevents blood from
clotting
ANTICOAGULANTS
prevents clotting
by binding to antithrombin
and inhibiting thrombin
Heparin
Inhibits metabolism of
glucose
ANTIGLYCOLYTIC AGENTS
Tube with sodium fluoride
only = ____
yields serum
Tube with sodium fluoride
and anticoagulant (EDTA or
oxalate) = _____
yields plasma
Inert material that serves as
separation barrier between
liquid and cells
SEPARATOR GEL
Gauge for drawing blood
range from ____
19-23
Most common needle size
for adult venipuncture is ____
21
needle size for children
22-23 gauge
Most common sites for
routine venipuncture
Superficial veins of the antecubital
fossa
Order of preference for veni collection:
-Median/median cubital vein
-Cephalic vein
-Basilic vein
most
common; leakage of small amount
of blood in tissue around puncture
site
Ecchymosis (Bruise)
leakage of large
amount of blood around puncture
site
Hematoma
increased
concentration of cells, analytes,
etc.; leaving the tourniquet for too
long; remove for 2 minutes and
reaapply
Hemoconcentration
-rupture of RBC
(escape of Hemoglobin); serum/
plasma appears pink to red
Hemolysis
small red spots
Petechiae
-Swelling caused by
abnormal accumulation of fluid in
the intercellular spaces of the
tissues
-Should be avoided; veins are hard
to find and specimen might be
contaminated with tissue fluid
Edema
-Veins neither readily
visible nor easy to palpate
-BP cuff could be use to locate a
vein (inflated not higher than 40
mm Hg)
Obesity
Should be
avoided because they do not allow
the blood to flow freely
Burned, Damaged, Scarred, and
Occluded veins
-Should be
avoided; draw blood from the
opposite arm without IV
-If no alternative, draw below the
IV site, stop infusion for 2 minutes
before drawing blood
Intravenous therapy
-The other
arm on the side without the
mastectomy should be used
Mastectomy patients
Technique of choice to obtain
blood for newborns and pediatric
patients
SKIN PUNCTURE
site of choice for skin
puncture in infants under 1 year
Lateral or medial plantar surface
of the heel
children older
than 1 year
Palmar surface of the distal
portion of the third (middle) or
fourth (ring) finger on the
nondominant hand
recautions with Skin Puncture
● Heel punctures in infants -not
more than ___ (risk of
bone injury and infection,
osteomyelitis)
2mm deep
