Helminths Flashcards
Key points in Hookworm
Key points - It is spread to humans from cats and dogs where it resides in the dermis causing raised red lines
it often enters via the feet and bacteria infections can be a secondary compication
Key points in Enterobiasis (Pinworm)
Key points - This is passed from anus to mouth via itching. They can be visualised via the adhesive tape test and treatment should focus on all the family
Key points in onchoceriacis (River Blindness)
Key Points - VECTOR - the black fly. It enters via the fly causing lesions and blindess over many years.
It is treated with livermectin
Summarise Lymphatic filiriasis
Key Points - VECTOR - mosquito
It enters the lymph and can cause elephatiasis and lymphodema.
It is diagnosed via a blood film and treated with DEC
Key points inTrichuriasis (Whipworm)
Key Points - Passed via faeces and causes painful passage of stools with bleeding and mucuous. Can also cause rectal prolapse and growth retardation
Summarise Strongyloidiasis
Key points - Autoinfection of via skin penetration from external environment.
It causes diarrhoea and coughing from migration to lungs
Summarise Toxocariasis
Key Points - From dogs to humans or humans via rabbits.
ROUNDWORM causing cough headaches and stomach pain
OLD FAECES
Summarise Echinococcosis
Key Points - Transmitted from sheep and sheep dogs via feacal route
Cystic - Cysts burst causing anaphylaxis or death
Alveolar - Vesicles destroy surrounding tissue and is more serious
It is diagnosed via US,MRI history of being near sheepdogs and treatment is via surgery or chemotherapy
Summarise Schistosomiasis
Key Points - Transmitted via snails and persists for years and can cause seizures
Summarise Ascariasis
Key points - Causes abdo discomfort and blockage
Summarise Tapeworms (Taeniasis/Cystiercosis)
Key Points - From undercooked meat (pork and beef)
Taeniasis - lack of appetite and passing of segments
Cystiercosis - Cysts which can get to brain or spinal cord
