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Diarrhea Bugs > Helminths > Flashcards

Helminths Flashcards

0
Q

Prolapsed rectum in children

A

Trichuris trichiura - whip worm

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1
Q

Football shaped eggs in feces

A

Trichuris trichiura - whip worm

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2
Q

Life cycle - ascaris lumbricoides

A

Ingestions of fully EMBRYONATED eggs
Larvae hatch and migrate to lungs
Cough up and swallow
Adults live in small intestine for up to one year

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3
Q

Temperate worm

A

Enterobius vermicularis - pinworm

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4
Q

Don’t attach to intestinal wall , swim against peristalsis

A

Ascaris lumbricoides - giant round worm

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5
Q

Enterobius vermicularis - life cycle

A

Pinworm
In humans : eggs to larva to adult
Gravid female worm. Migrates out of anus and deposits eggs around anus and drys out and explodes

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6
Q

Trichuris trichiura life cycle

A

Whip worm
Ingest FULLY EMBRYONATED eggs (10d)
Larva adhere to sm intestine temporarily
Adults anterior end embed in cecal mucosa

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7
Q

Perianal itchiness at night

A

Enterobius vermicularis -pinworm

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8
Q

Found in night soil

A

Ascaris lumbricoides - giant roundworm

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9
Q

Heavy infections can cause ulceration or hemorrhage

May resemble ibd

A

Trichuris trichiura whip worm

Moist warm climates

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10
Q

Helminths that mature in the lungs

A

Ascaris lumbricoides - giant roundworm
Necator americansus - new world hookworm
Strongyloides stercoralis- small roundworm

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11
Q

Life cycle of necator americansus and ancyclostoma duodenale

A

HOOKWORMS

Infection with filariform larva thru skin
Goes to lungs - gets coughed up stalled and adults live in small intestines
- eggs go into poop
Rhabdiform larva hatches in soil becomes filariform larva

Life’s in host for 8-16 yrs

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12
Q

May see occult blood in stool or may become anemic

A

Hook worms - necator americansus and ancyclostoma duodenale

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13
Q

Life cycle Strongyloides

A

Filariform larva infects thru skin goes to lungs and is coughed then swallowed
In mucus of sm intestine become adults lay eggs rhabdiform larva in feces. In soil are free living adults lay eggs become rhabdiform larva and then into filariform

Can have autoinfection - rhab to filariform in intestine

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14
Q

Taenia solium

A 
Pork tapeworm ( Cestodes) 
Infxn with cysticercus ( larvae) via ingestion raw pork 
Adult in sm intestine, eggs to to poop

Ingested eggs larva hatch in sm Intestine and migrate to muscle - cysticercus

May see cerebral/ neuro and ocular cysticercosis

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15
Q

Taenia saginata

A

Beef tapeworm - Cestodes
Similar to solium but stays in sm intestine can live more than 30yrs

Contaminated undercooked beef
May see diarrhea , weight loss, nausea

16
Q

Cestodes

A

Scolex - head with hooks
Proglottidis - body with eggs

Hermaphrodites

Tapeworms

18
Q

Tapeworm got by ingesting contaminated undercooked fish

A

Diphyllobothrium lattum

Can occasionally attach at proximal jejunum - clincial vit b12 deficiency

18
Q

Causes tropical pulmonary eosinophilia

A

Wuchereria bancroftii , brugia malayi , brugia timori

19
Q

Fluid filled cysts containing hydatid sand in liver , lungs

A

Echincoccus granulosus - dog tapeworm
( sand “etched” ) hydatid sand caused by “etchincoccus”
Definitive host dogs
Incidental - humans

20
Q

Nematode route of entry

A

You’ll get sick if you EAT these
These get into your feer from the SANd

Enterobius
Ascaris
Trichinella

Strongyloides
Ancyclostoma
Necator

21
Q

Ingestion of contaminated undercooked or raw pork

A

Trichinella spiralis

22
Q

Schistosomes ( blood flukes)

Trematodes or flat worms

A

3 infect humans
Mansoni ( colon rectum) japonicum, hematobium ( bladder)

Infect as cercaria thru skin penetration
Mature in the liver - larva in feces and urine
Miracidium - intermediate host (snails)
Become sporocysts- cercaria in the. Water

Can deposit eggs in tissue usually liver

Can cover self with host ag

23
Q

Life cycle Wuchereria bancroftii , brugia malayi , brugia timori

A 
Mosquito bite with larva 
Larva go to lymph nodes 
Adult worms live in lymphatic a 
Produce embryos - microfilariae 
Release them nocturnally - matching the feeding habits of vectors
25
Q

Can cause elephantiasis aka the one that lives in the lymph

A

Wuchereria bancroftii , brugia malayi , brugia timori

25
Q

Make ulcers and when contacted with water releases a ton of larva

A

Dracunculus medicnesis - guinea worm

Intermediate host - crustaceans

26
Q

Trichinosis is caused by what form of the worm . what does the immune system do

A

Larval form can have diarrhea and then an acute inflammatory rxn and the paralysis - pmns eos lymphs ige attack and kill the worm

27
Q

What transmits onchocerca volvulus

A

Simulium species of black fly

28
Q

This worm is transmitted by the mango fly species chrysops

A

Loa loa - African eye worm

Can be seen transverse conjunctival tissue

29
Q

Causes river blindness

A

Onchocerca volvulus

31
Q

Life cycle of Trichinella

A

Intestine is larva and go to adult
Produce more more larva in intestine and then they form cysts and go to striated muscle there they convert the muscle to nurse cells

Diarrhea Bugs (5 decks)

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