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MicroPara Lec > Helminth > Flashcards

Helminth Flashcards

1
Q

These are multicellular eukaryotic animals that generally possess digestive, circulatory, nervous,
excretory, and reproductive systems.

A

Helminths

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2
Q

_________ helminths must be highly specialized to live inside their hosts.

A

Parasitic

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3
Q

The following generalizations distinguish parasitic helminths from their free-living relatives:

A

They may lack a digestive system.

Their nervous system is reduced.

Their means of locomoࢼon is occasionally reduced or completely lacking.

The reproducࢼve system is often complex

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4
Q

This involves a succession of intermediate hosts
for completion of each larval stage of the parasite and a definitive host for the adult
parasite.

A

Life Cycle of a Helminth

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5
Q

Is the life cycle of a parasitic helminth, simple or complex?

A

Complex

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6
Q

The succession of intermediate hosts
for completion of each larval stage of the parasite.

A

developmental; asexual

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7
Q

A definitive host for the adult
parasite

A

sexually mature form

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8
Q

What is it called when male reproductive organs are in one individual, and female reproductive
organs are in another?

A

dioecious

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9
Q

In ________ species, reproduction occurs only when two adults of the ________ sex are in the ____ host.

A

dioecious
opposite
same

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10
Q

What is it called when one animal has both male and female
reproductive organs?

A

monoecious

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11
Q

Two ________ may copulate and simultaneously _______ each other. A few types
of hermaphrodites fertilize themselves.

A

hermaphrodites
fertilize

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12
Q

Members of the phylum __________, the flatworms, are __________ flattened.

A

Platyhelminthes
dorsoventrally

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13
Q

The classes of
parasitic flatworms include:

A

Trematodes and Cestodes.

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14
Q

Also known as flukes, parasitic in all classes of vertebrates and appears leaflike or cylindrical in shape.

A

Trematodes

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15
Q

The body of adults covered with a syncytial tegument without cilia; usually with oral and ventral suckers that holds the organism in place, no hooks.

A

Trematodes

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16
Q

_______ absorbs food through _______ nonliving outer covering; _______ canal usually with two main branches

A

Trematodes
cuticle
alimentary

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17
Q

Trematodes are mostly _______; development indirect, with first host a _______, final host usually a _________

A

monoecious
mollusk
vertebrate

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18
Q

______ are given common names according to the _____ of the definitive host in which the adults live.

A

Flukes
tissue

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19
Q

Common blood flukes include:

A

Scbistosoma mansoni

Scbistosoma baematobium

Scbistosoma japonicum

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20
Q

Scientific name of Chinese liver flukes

A

Clonorcbis sinensis

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21
Q

Scientific name of Lung flukes

A

Paragonimus spp

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22
Q

Scientific name of Intestinal fluke

A

Fasciolopsis buski

23
Q

Scientific name of Sheep liver fluke

A

Fasciola hepatica

24
Q

Also known as tapeworms, parasitic in digestive tract of all classes of vertebrates; general form of body tapelike

A

Cestodes

25
Q

The body of adults covered with nonciliated, syncytial tegument

A

Cestodes

26
Q

Cestodes: head or ______ with suckers or hooks, sometimes both, for ______ to the intestinal
_______ of the definitive host

A

scolex
attachment
mucosa

27
Q

Cestodes: body usually divided into segments or series of _______ that are continually produced by the ___
region of the scolex, as long as the scolex is attached and alive

A

proglottids
neck

28
Q

T or F: The farther the proglottid from the neck, the more immature is its.

A

False

29
Q

Cestodes:
no ________ organs; do not ingest the tissues of their hosts; to obtain _______ from the small intestine, they _________ food through their _______

A

digestive
nutrients
absorb
cuticle

29
Q

Cestodes: development _________ with two or more hosts; first host may be ___________ or ___________

A

indirect
vertebrate
invertebrate

30
Q

Cestodes:
usually ________; each mature _______ contains both male and female reproductive organs;
proglottids farthest away from the ________ are the mature ones containing _________ eggs, each of
which is infective to the proper intermediate host

A

monoecious
proglottid
scolex
fertilized

31
Q

Scientific name of beef tapeworm

A

Taenia saginata

32
Q

Scientific name of pork tapeworm

A

Taenia solium

33
Q

Scientific name of fish tapeworm

A

Dipbyllobotbrium latum

34
Q

Scientific name of dog tapeworm

A

Dipylidium caninum

35
Q

Scientific name of dwarf tapeworm

A

Hymenolepis nana

36
Q

Scientific name of unilocolar hydatis

A

Ecbinococcus granulosus

37
Q

Scientific name of multiocular hydatid

A

Ecbinococcus multiocularis

38
Q

Also known as the roundworms which are cylindrical and tapered at each end.

A

Nematodes

39
Q

It’s symmetry bilateral and unsegmented; Its size is mostly small and some are microscopic; a few a meter or more in length .

A

Nematodes

40
Q

Nematodes:
body _______; body wall a _______ or cellular epidermis with thickened cuticle, sometimes
______; muscular layers mostly of longitudinal fibers; cilia absent in several phyla

A

vermiform
syncytial
molted

41
Q

Nematodes: body cavity a __________-

A

pseudocoel

42
Q

Nematodes: complete digestive system with ______, ___________, and _____; pharynx muscular and well developed:
________________ arrangement; digestive tract usually only an __________ tube with no definite
muscle layer

A

mouth
enteron
anus
tube-within-a-tube
epithelial

43
Q

Nematodes: ___________ and _________ organs lacking

A

circulatory
respiratory

44
Q

Nematodes:
reproductive system of ______ and ________ that may be single or double;

sexes nearly always separate,
with _______ usually smaller than females; one or two hardened __________ ________ – guide sperm to
the female’s genital pore – on the posterior ends;

eggs microscopic with shell often containing ______

A

gonads
ducts
males
copulatory spicules
chitin

45
Q

Nematodes:
nervous system of ________ ______ or of a _________ nerve ring connected to anterior and
posterior nerves

chemosensory organs called _______ situated on the lips

A

cerebral ganglia
circumenteric
amphids

46
Q

Nematodes:
______-living and ________ forms

_______ development

A

free
parasitic
direct

47
Q

Nematode infections of humans can be divided into two categories:

A

egg is infective or larva is infective

48
Q

Scientific name for hookworm

A

Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus

49
Q

Scientific name for pinworm

A

Enterobius vermicularis

50
Q

Scientific term for intestinal roundworm

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

51
Q

Scientific name for Trichina worm

A

Tricbinella spiralis

52
Q

Scientific name for whipworm

A

Tricburis tricbiura

MicroPara Lec (2 decks)

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