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Fires > Helicopters and Air Tankers > Flashcards

Helicopters and Air Tankers Flashcards

1
Q

7 ways Helicopters improve fire control

A

1: direct and rapid transport of firefighters
2: provide aerial view of the fire for initial assessment and mapping
3: wet down hot spots using buckets or belly tanks
4: to transport equipment
5: aerial backfiring ops
6: service fire lookouts and fire camps
7: emergency back country rescues

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2
Q

5 ways Air Tankers improve fire control

A

1: initial action on new fires
2: to hold a fir in the first burning period
3: to secure fire control line early in the morning
4: to protect high value facilities
5: reinforce controls lines for back firing ops

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3
Q

How is lift created?

A

Higher air speed over to top of the wing creates a low pressure above and high pressure below the wing, creating lift.

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4
Q

Light Helicopters

A

Ex: Bell 206B, A-star, Gazelle, Hughes 500C, Hughes 500D

  • up to 6,000 lbs gross weight
  • up to 1,500 lbs external lift
  • 1-7 passengers
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5
Q

Medium Helicopters

A

Ex: Bell 204, Bell 205, Bell 212, Sikorsky S-58T

  • 6,000 to 12,500 gross weight
  • up to 5,000 lbs external weight
  • 8-16 passengers
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6
Q

Heavy Helicopters

A

Ex: Sikorsky S-61, Sikorsky S-64E, Sikorsky S-64F

  • over 12,500 lbs gross weight
  • 6,000 lbs or more external lift
  • 17 or more passengers
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7
Q

4 Types of Air Tankers

A

Douglas B - 26 Invader (ground)
Douglas DC - 6B (ground)
Canadair CL-215 (water skimmer)
Grumman “Firecat” (ground)

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8
Q

Douglas B-26

A

Retardant Capacity: 830 gal

2 doors

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9
Q

Douglas DC-6B

A

Retardent Capacity: 250 gal

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10
Q

Canadair CL-215

A

Retardent Capacity: 1,000 gal

2 doors

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11
Q

Grumman “Firecat”

A

Retardent Capacity: 1,000 gal

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12
Q

(L) Bell 206B Jet Ranger

A

External: 1,200 lbs

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13
Q

(I) Bell 206 Long Ranger

A

External: 1,500 lbs

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14
Q

(L) Hughes 500D

A

External: 1,500 lbs

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15
Q

(L) Hughes 500C

A

External: 1,200 lbs

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16
Q

(L) Aerospatiale AS 341E - Gazelle

A

External: 1,000 lbs

17
Q

(L) Aerospatiale AS 350 D - Astar

A

External: 1,550 lbs

18
Q

(M) Bell 204B

A

External: 4,000 lbs

19
Q

(M) Bell 205A

A

External: 4,500 lbs

20
Q

(M) Bell 212 Twin

A

External: 5,000 lbs

21
Q

(M) Sikorsky S-58T

A

External: 4,500 lbs

22
Q

(H) Sikorsky S-61

A

External: 8,000 lbs

23
Q

(H) Sikorsky S-64E & 64F

A

External: 20,000 lbs

24
Q

Helicopter Performance

A

Take-off and Landing-always into the wind

Winds- create lift bus also turbulence (>30kph)

Ground Effect- a zone of enhanced helicopter performance within 1/2 rotor diameter of the ground

Visibility affected by- smoke, fog, precipitation, light

Density Altitude- corrected altitude for a given pressure and humidity (cooler days- maximum pitch, warmer days-minimum pitch)

Weight, distribution of load-“balance”

25
Q

Helicopter Safety

A

do nut run-be calm and alert

approach and depart in view of the pilot

crouch down to avoid rotor disc

don’t approach from an upslope position

Carry objects below your waist

do not cross under the tail boom

keep landing area clear of loose debris

ensure doors are properly closed and put on your seat belt

26
Q

Intermediate Helicopters

A

Example: Bell 206L
4 to 7 passengers
up too 1500 lbs lift

27
Q

Helicopter Landing Sites

A

use natural openings where possible

clearing minimum- 2x main rotor disc diameter

approach, land, and depart into the wind

level and stable touchdown pad

28
Q

3 reason we use air tankers?

A
  1. action new fires
  2. action new fires in the 2nd burning period
  3. support action for ongoing fires
29
Q

A.T. operations

A

take priority over all over ops
Air Attack Officer - coordinates all air traffic and drops from BD plane
Bird Dog Plane - an experienced air tanker pilot the flies the drop routes and guides tankers into the drop zone

30
Q

Factors that affect performance

A

Weather (wind, temp)
visibility (smoke cover etc)
terrain (flight path for drop)

31
Q

Fire Retardant

A

any substance that inhibits combustion through physical or chemical means
ie, water, foam (short term), clay phosphorus and red dye (long term)

32
Q

types of drops

A

Full Salvo - all doors open at once (heavy fuel canopy)
Half Load - half doors open (2 passes, moderate fuel canopy)
String Drop - doors open in succession (finer fuels)

33
Q

Dog Bird Signals

A

yelping siren - drops coming, leave area
sharp pull up - where drops will start
wailing siren - drops finished, safe
circling - spot fire outside of main fireline

34
Q

what if you’re caught in the drop zone?

A

don’t panic or run
place hand tools away and line down facing plane
stay put until last drop made
watch footing

35
Q

Martin Mars

A

7,200 gal load
60,000 load capacity
22 bottom drop doors
4 side drop doors

36
Q

Electra

A

2,000 gal

8-10 doors

37
Q

Boeing 747

A

20,000 gal
4 nozzles
multiple targets

Fires (8 decks)

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