helen lecture 2 Flashcards
groudnwater use percentages
75% irrigtation
9 inudstrial
9 drinking
6 stock
3 competing groundwater uses
irrigation
drinking
stream depletion
four contaminants for canterbury gw
nutrients
arsenic
industrial
pesticides
why are nutrients bad for lakes and whats a measure
due to stratification, gets concentrated
Trophic lake index
(ellesmere is 5)-super trophic
status for pesticides
low levels in 10% of shallow aquifers
old sheep dip sites
none in drinking supply
status on aresenic
used as pesticides
naturaly occuring
binds to sediment
can be released in low oxigen environemnts (reducing)
two types of bacteria
Ecoli- indicator of fecal contam
campylobacter
summary of canterbury aquifers
different lithologies aluvial limestone bassalts anisotropic vary with depth
name 5 aquifers
springston formation Riccarton gravel linwood burnwood wainoni number 5
why aquifer definition so hard in chch
no clear stratigraphic markers
borholes invasive
in burnham, how much of flow in how much aquifer
98% in 1.2%
what type of soils are in aquifers
clay bound gravel
sandy gravel -makes up bulk
sand- remnant dunes
open framework gravel
whats the K factor like for each of them
clay bound gravel 0.02
sandy gravel 1
sand 100
open framework gravel 1000
what did smoke experiments show
complexity of system
OFG more like 14% as apposed to 1.2%
rapid hoirzonatl and vertical
-contaminant implications
where was smoke experiment
KYLE
