HEENT GI Infectious Flashcards by Brittany Hansel

esotropia

cross eyed (deviation of eyes toward nose)
abducens palsy
infantile treatment is surgery

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exotropia

“wall eyed”

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fever
proptosis
restricted EOMI
dx, tx

orbital cellulitis

Nafcillin

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unilateral eye pain with swollen lacrimal sac that is red and tender

Dacrocystitis

augmentin

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Painful ear on tug test and with tragus pressure
edema of canal skin
dx
tx

Otitis Externa
acidification drying agent
abx drops- fluoroquinolone

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Otalgia with decreased mobility of TM

AOMI
1st line- Amoxicillin
2nd- Augmentin, allergy- Cefdinir

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5 day hx of ear pain, patient suddenly felt relief but had discharge that was yellow with pink tinges

tympanic membrane perf 2 to AOMI

will heal spontaneously but tx infection with ototopical abx drops

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postauricular ear pain, fever, displaced pinna
w/o
tx

mastoiditis
CT
IV abx and otic drops

no improvement in 24-48hrs then sx

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2 day hx of fever and malaise
now parotid tenderness and facial edema
w/o to dx
tx

Mumps
serum IgM maybe

symptomatic, isolation until swelling subsides

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adherent creamy white plaques on tongue easily scraped off

thrush/oral candidiasis

Nystatin suspension vs fluconazole

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c/o sore throat
“hot potato voice”
displacement of tonsil on exam

Peritonsilar Abscess

needle aspiration and augmentin

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10 days of purulent rhinorrhea, facial pain over maxillary and ethmoid areas, and nasal obstruction. Febrile.
Dx tx

sinusitis- likely bacteria by hx

Augmentin, doxy, quinolones, etc

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MCC pharyngitis

EBV

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sxs suggestive of GABHS pharyngitis

fever
tonsilar exudate
no cough
tender anterior cervical LAN

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TOC strep pharyngitis

Penicillin V or Amoxicillin

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drooling, dysphagia, distress

epiglottitis

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thumbprint sign

epiglottitis

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tx for epiglottitis

ABCs- immed consult
Ceftriaxone 1st line
IV methylprednison

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MCC gastroenteritis

Norwalk virus

inflammatory causes of gastro

shigella
salmonella
yersenia
campylobacter
ecoli

isotonic dehydration timetable of reperfusion

1/2 fluid over 8 hrs

2nd 1/2 over next 16 hrs

PEDs maintenance fluids

4-2-1 rule
first 10kg : 4ml/kg/hr
10-20 kg : 2ml/kg/hr
+ 20kg : 1 ml/kg/hr

criteria for colic dx

otherwise healthy
2-3 months

> 3hrs a day, >3 days a week, >3 weeks

duodenal atresia MC in what pts

Down Syndrome

bilious vomit within first 24hrs of life

Duodenal atresia

US showing double bubble

Duodenal atresia

projectile vomiting, nonbilioius, 3 wk M

pyloric stenosis

RUQ palpable olive mass in 2wk old male

pyloric stenosis

MC metab abnl found in pyloric stenosis

hypochloremic alkalosis with decreased K+

sudden bilious vomiting in 3wk old | US shows "whirl pooling"

Intestinal malrotation

5m M with recurring episodes of abd pain with screaming and drawing up of the knees followed by diarrhea

intussusception

sausage-shaped mass upper mid-abd

intussusception

Dx/Tx Intussusception

US most sensitive barium/air enema can be dx and tx sometimes sx (esp if signs of vasc compromise)

gold standard to dx celiac sprue

duodenal bx

serology for celiac sprue

IgA tGT | IgA EMA

fava beans

G6PDD

Heniz bodies on CBC

G6PDD

Hirschsprung associated with

M | Down Syndrome

failure of newborn to pass meconioum intermittent bout of intestinal obstruction FTT dx w/o

Hirschsprung | bx showing absence of ganglion cells

Which hepatitis viruses are DNA

Hep B

rice water stools

cholera

Tx for cholera

fluids | Tetracycline

initially watery diarrhea with progression to mucus and blood with tenesmus and fever

shigellosis

TOC shigellosis

Fluoroquinolone in adults | <18= Azithromycin

localized anal pruritius that is worse at night | dx w/o

pinworms- enterobiasis | tape test

Tx for pinworms

pyrantel pamoate- OTC Rx- Albendazole repeat same tx in 2wks