Heavy Flashcards
What are the 4 types of AT Warheads?
HE/HEDP
HEAT
HESH
TBX/FAE
Describe the HE AT Warhead?
HE rounds are of general purpose. The warheads are non directional. The main purpose is anti personnel or engaging soft skinned vehicles.
Some of them might have steel pellets in the shell to enhance lethality of the round.
They lack capability to penetrate modern armor.
Describe Fuel Air Explosive (FAE)
Specifically designed to destroy light vehicles and combat field fortifications.
The explosive warhead is composed of a highly volatile oxide that will bond oxygen particles in the air, saturating a small space.
An electronic fuse will then initiate the charge, forcing all the particles to explode, creating a fierce fire ball with an impressive punching power.
Describe High Explosive Anti-Tank
True anti-armor threat. Designed under the Monroe effect principle directional charge.
Highly lethal JET torch that penetrates steel.
The JET temperatures is well over 1500 degrees Celsius.
Has intense Heat and Overpressure.
Describe High Explosive Smash Head (HESH)
Functions under the sledge hammer principle.
The steel nose impact will debilitate and crush the armor.
The explosive charge will multiply the kinetic energy upon impact.
What are Tandem Warheads?
Designed to counter ERA protection.
The smaller charge will penetrate the ERA block
The main shape charge will follow through and penetrate the main armor.
Describe Thermabaric (TBX)
A thermabaric weapon is an explosive weapon that produces a blast wave of a significantly longer duration than most high-explosives. (0.05-0.07 seconds)
Like all explosives , a chemical reaction is utilized to produce a huge amount of superheated gas, which almost instantaneously superheats the surrounding air. Thus produces a rapidly expanding high temperature press wave (blast wave) which does damage.
What are the 3 types of fuzes?
Point detonating
Base detonating
Point initiating base detonating
Describe a Point Detonating fuze
The fuze is located in the nose and can be an impact or a time fuze.
Times fuzes can either be mechanical or electrical.
Describe a Base Detonating fuze
The fuze is located in the base of the round explosive composition.
The firing pin will strike the primer and then the explosive train will begin.
Describe Point Initiating Base Detonating fuze
The fuze has 2 elements. One piezo electric crystal on the nose and a solenoid in the base.
Upon impact, the crystal will generate about 12-50V that will excite the solenoid.
The solenoid will release the firing pin and initiate the explosive train.
What are the 3 types of missile technology?
Manual Command Line of Sight (MACLOS) Semi-Automatic Line of Sight (SACLOS) Automatic Line of Sight (ACLOS)
What is MACLOS?
Initial guiding system for AT missiles. Consisted of a control box where the operator controlled and guided the missile.
The main feature of this system was the use of a joy stick.
What is SACLOS?
The second generation of missile guiding systems.
The gunner operates the guide and tracking unit by keeping his sight on target.
All commands are electronically transmitted to the missile.
I.E. TOW, Milan
What is ACLOS?
Third generation of guiding systems.
The gunner aims at a target and fires the missile.
A computer transmits data to the missile and it automatically corrects its path to the target
Newest versions include Fire and Forget systems. I.E. Javelin
What are the 4 methods of Engagement?
Single Fire
Sequence Firing
Pair Firing
Volley Firing
What is Single Fire?
Fire at a target with only one AT Weapon. Least preferred method of engagement.
What is Sequence Firing?
Prepare several launchers for firing and continue to engage until the target is destroyed.
What is Pair Firing?
You and another gunner prepare 2 or more AT weapons each and fire at a target one weapon at a time.
You swap information when firing at the target to facilitate a target hit.
What is Volley Firing?
You and one or more other gunners fire at one. Before firing each gunner prepares one or more AT Weapons.
Gunners fire on command or on signal until the target is destroyed.
This is the preferred method of engagement.
What are the limitations of employing AT Weapons?
Lack of security
Slow rate of fire
Launch signature
Noise signature
What are the capabilities of employing AT Weapons?
Extended range
Exceptional accuracy
Fully mobile
Numerous platforms
What is standoff?
The difference between a friendlies weapon maximum effective range and the enemies weapon maximum effective range.
What is the shape charge process?
Impact
Ignition
Penetration
Spalling
