Heating Theory

Question 1

3 methods of identifying drilling sites for oil and gas

Answer 1

• Aerial Photography
• Surface studies of rock outcroppings
• seismography

Question 2

What are Hydrates? And how are they treated?

Answer 2

Hydrates are an icy mixture of hydrocarbons and water that may form at temperatures as high as 80 degrees F. Treatment involves injecting methanol

Question 3

What is Absorption for water removal?

Answer 3

Removal of water vapor from a gas by bubbling the gas through a liquid desiccant. Often a Glycol solution

Question 4

What is Adsorption for water removal?

Answer 4

The removal of water vapor by passing the vapor-laden gas over a bed of granula solids that has an attraction for water

Question 5

Combustion air requirements
Natural gas ?
Propane gas ?
Butane gas ?

Answer 5

Natural gas = 10 ft3 of air/ft3 of gas

Propane gas = 24

Butane gas = 30

Question 6

Define Specific Gravity?

Answer 6

How many times the liquid is heavier or lighter than water. Also referred to as relative density

Question 7

What is the specific gravity of Propane and Methane as a liquid product?

Answer 7

Propane - 0.51

Methane - 0.424

Question 8

What is the specific gravity of Propane and Methane in a Vapour Product?

Answer 8

Propane - 1.5

Natural gas (methane) - 0.6

Question 9

What’s is the term input rating?

Answer 9

Number of BTU consumed by the burner when an appliance operates for one hour

Question 10

What is the term Output Rating?

Answer 10

Amount of useable heat from the combustion process. This is the heat that enters the medium ( steam, water or air )

Question 11

What are the Calorific Values of Natural Gas and Propane?

Answer 11

Natural gas - 96000 btu/imp gal

Propane - 109 560 btu/imp gal

Question 12

Define Calorific Value

Answer 12

Alternatively used name for heating value. The CV of liquid petroleum gasses are expressed as BTU imperial gallon of liquid

Question 13

What is Flame Speed?

Answer 13

The speed that a gas will burn back along a stationary column of combustible air/gas mixture

Question 14

What is lift off?

Answer 14

Air/gas mixture moves forward faster than the flame speed moves backwards. Flame is blown off or burns above burner parts

Question 15

What is Flashback?

Answer 15

Air/gas mixture moves forward more slowly than the speed the flame moves back. The gas burns the orifice

Question 16

What is Range of Flammability

Answer 16

Percentage of gas in an air/gas mixture between the upper and lower limits of Flammability that will ignite and burn

Question 17

What is lower explosive limit (LEL)?

Answer 17

Minimum percent of gas in an air/gas mixture that will ignite and burn

Question 18

What is the Upper Explosive Limit (UEL)?

Answer 18

The maximum percentage of gas in an air/gas mixture that will ignite and burn

Question 19

Define specific gravity that applies to solids and liquids?

Answer 19

Volume comparison of a substance, compared to an equal amount of water

Question 20

Define specific gravity that applies to gas and vapors

Answer 20

Comparison of the weight if the volume of a substance compared to an equal volume of air

Question 21

What’s the difference between sour gas and sweet gas?

Answer 21

Sour gas has hydrogen sulphide. Which gives it a sour smell