heating, particles, presure

Question 1

equation for density

Answer 1

density= mass / volume

Question 2

unit of density

Answer 2

g/cm3 or kg/m3

1g/cm3 = 1000kg/m3

Question 3

what does the average density of an object determine

Answer 3

whether it floats or sinks

Question 4

if a solid object floats on a liquid what does it mean

Answer 4

means object has lower density than liquid

Question 5

what does an object sinking mean

Answer 5

object has a higher density than its surroundings

Question 6

equation for pressure

Answer 6

pressure = Force/ Area

Question 7

unit of pressure

Answer 7

pascals (Pa) / kilopascals (kPa)

Question 8

what can 1 Pa be defined as

Answer 8

1 N/m2

Question 9

how does pressure act in gasses and liquids at rest

Answer 9

pressure at any point acts equally in all directions

Question 10

in gases + liquids as the depth increases what happens to the pressure

give examples of places of high pressure and place of low

Answer 10

depth increases = pressure increases

eg. pressure is higher at the bottom of the sea then at surface & lower high up in the atmosphere

Question 11

what is pressure difference

Answer 11

the difference in pressure between 2 points in liquid or a gas

Question 12

equation for pressure difference

Answer 12

pressure difference= height (depth) x density ( of liquid) x gravitational field strength

Question 13

what is the unit for pressure difference

Answer 13

Pascals (Pa)

Question 14

describe particles in a gas

Answer 14

almost no forces of attraction
lots of energy
free to move around
travel in random direction at high speeds

Question 15

describe particles in a liquid

Answer 15

weak forces
close together but can move past each other
irregular arrangements
move in random directions at low speeds

Question 16

describe particles in a solid

Answer 16

strong forces
close together
fixed regular arrangement
not much energy= only vibrate around fixed positions

Question 17

what does heat energy do to particles

Answer 17

particles vibrate faster

forces overcome and particles start to move around

Question 18

what is the particle theory say about gasses

Answer 18

very small particles

moving in completely random directions

Question 19

what do particles in a gas do

Answer 19

constantly collide with each other, and with the walls of their container

Question 20

what happens if you increase the temperature of a gas

Answer 20

you gives its particles more energy

Question 21

what happens if you double the temp of a gas ( kelvins )

Answer 21

you double the average kinetic energy of the particles

Question 22

what is the rule for temp of gas and av. kinetic energy of its particles

Answer 22

temp of gas ( in kelvins ) is proportional to the average kinetic energy of its particles

Question 23

what type of energy does anything moving have

Answer 23

kinetic energy

Question 24

equation for kinetic energy

Answer 24

1/2 x mass x volume2

Question 25

what motion supports the particle theory

Answer 25

Brownian motio

Question 26

what is Brownian motion

Answer 26

particles in liquids + gasses moving randomly. larger particles can be moved by smaller surrounding particles

Question 27

what is the coldest temp anything can get

Answer 27

-273 degrees C

Question 28

what is -273 degrees C aka

Answer 28

absolute zero

Question 29

how much kinetic energy do atoms have at absolute zero

Answer 29

as little kinetic energy as its possible to get

Question 30

what is absolute 0 the start of

Answer 30

the kelvin scale

Question 31

what is the similarities in Kelvin and degrees C

Answer 31

a temp change of 1 degrees C = temp change of 1 Kelvin

Question 32

what is the difference between the 2 temp scales

Answer 32

is where the 0s occure

Question 33

how do you convert degrees C to Kelvin

Answer 33

+273

Question 34

how do you convert Kelvins to degrees C

Answer 34

-273

Question 35

what does the particle theory say about colliding gas particles

Answer 35

colliding gas particles create pressure

Question 36

what happens to gas particles when the collide with something

Answer 36

they exert a force on it and the momentum + direction change

Question 37

what happens to gasses in a sealed container

Answer 37

gas particles smash against container walls = outward pressure

Question 38

what does the pressure of a gas in a container depend on

Answer 38

how fast the particles are going and how often the collide with walls

Question 39

what happens if you heat a gas ( leading to something to do with pressure )

Answer 39

particles move faster = more kinetic energy= more harder frequent collisions= more pressure

Question 40

what is the rule about the temp (in K) and pressure of a gas

Answer 40

temp ( in K ) and pressure are proportional = double the temp u double the pressure

Question 41

what happens if you put the same amount of gas in a bigger container

Answer 41

pressure decrease ( fewer collision between particles and walls of container )

Question 42

what happens if the volume of container reduces

Answer 42

pressure increases

Question 43

what is boyles law equation

Answer 43

p1V1=p2V2

Question 44

what is boyles law in words

Answer 44

volume is inversely proportional to pressure ( half the pressure double the volume or half the volume double the pressure)

Question 45

definition of specific heat capacity

Answer 45

energy required to change the temp of an object by 1 degree C per kg of mass

Question 46

what is the specific heat energy equation

Answer 46

Amount of energy = mass x specific heat capacity x change in temp

Question 47

what is temperature

Answer 47

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.

Question 48

what is the equation pressure and temp (in K)in a sealed container

Answer 48

p1 / T1 = p2 / T2