Heat And Temperature Flashcards
Absolute Zero
The coldest possible temperature is o k.
Infrared Thermogram
Anything warmer than absolute zero gives off infrared radiation. infrared radiation can be photographed with special films.
Thermograph
A bimetallic strip coils and uncoils as the temperature changes. One end of the strip is attached to a long, light metal lever that holds a special pen.
Bimetallic strip
Made of two different metals joined firmly together.When heated one metal expands more than the other.
Thermocouple
Made of two different metals that are twisted together. When heated a small electrical current is generated m. Measures very high temperature but not low temperatures
Responder
A pointer,light or other mechanism that uses the signal in some way
Signal
Information about temperature, such as an election current
Sensor
A material that is affected by change in some feature of the environment
Kelvin Scale
A scale used for measuring temperature in scientific experiments:on the Kelvin scale, pure water freezes at 273 K and boils at 373 K
Celsius scale
The most common scale for measuring temperature ; on the celsius scale,water at sea level boils ar 100c and freezes below 0c.
Scales
A series of equally divided sections that are marked and numbered for use in measurement (centimetres,litres, or grams)
4 devices for measuring temperature
Thermocouple
Bimetallic strip
Recording thermometer
Infrared thermogram
Thermometers
A device used to measure temperature
Partial model of matter
- All substances are made up of tiny particals
- Particals are always in motion
- particals have space between them
- motion of particals increase with temperature increase
Energy
The ability to do work and to cause change(chemical or physical)
Thermal Energy
The energy generated by the movement or vibration of particals; the total kinetic energy of all the particals in a substance.
Two features of energy
Changes happen when there is a difference of energy
Energy is always transferred in the same direction ( high to low )
Joules (J)
The standard (SI) unit for measuring energy
Expand
The increase in volume
Contract
To shrink or decrease in volume
Heat Capacity
the thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance, such as water, by 1*c
specific heat capacity
of a material, the energy changed that is required to warm or cool a standard amount of the material (1 g or 1 kg) by 1*c
Melt (fusion)
to change from a solid to a liquid
Freeze (solidification)
The change from a solid to a liquid
evaporate
the process when a liquid changes into a gas or a vapor
condense
the change from a gas or vapor to a liquid
sublimation
a change in state when a gas changes directly to a solid or a solid changes directly to a gas
Melting Point (freezing point)
the temperature at which solid matter begins to change to liquid
boiling point
the temperature at which a liquid begins to boil and change into a gas or a vapor
evaporative cooling
a process in which the faster-moving particles on the surface of a liquid evaporates and escapes into the air, the slower moving particles, which are left behind, have lower kinetic energy, decreasing the temperature of the remaining liquid and the surface on which it is resting.
