Heat and Temperature Flashcards
The measurement of the average kinetic energy of the substance being measured is ______.
temperature
______ is a quantity that causes an _______in the temperature of a body when it is added to the body and a _________ in temperature when it is removed from a body.
Heat
increase
decrease
Heat energy is always transferred from an area of _____ temperature to an area of _____ temperature regardless of the total energy in either area.
higher to lower
The _______ is the amount of energy in calories required to raise the temperature of one gram of the substance by 1 C.
specific heat
_____ is used as the standard and its specific heat is ____calorie/(gram Celcius)
Water
1
specific heat of ice
0.5 calories/(gram ºC)
Heat fusion of ice equals _______.
Heat fusion is defined as:
80 calories/gram
The energy required to change one gram of ice at 0ºC to one gram of water at 0ºC.
heat energy equation
Q = MC►T
- Q = energy in calories
- C = specific heat
heat vaporization of water at 100 ºC
540 calorie/gram
specific heat of steam
0.5 calorie/(gram ºC)
Heat is transferred in 3 ways:
- Conduction
- Radiation
- Convection
The principle method of heat transfer in solids
conduction
The principle method of heat transfer in liquids and gases:
convection
The means by which thermal energy is transferred by electromagnetic waves
radiation
Automobile engines incorporate a pump to circulate or force the water from the bottom of the radiator to the water jacket of the engine. This is an example of ______ __________.
I.e. there is some sort of pump used to force the fluid along.
forced convection
The rate at which an object radiates energy is a function of the ______ ______ of the object.
absolute temperature
Energy equation assuming we only have radiative processes is called the ______ _______ equation
Stefan Boltzmann
E = eσ (T1^4 - T2^4)
σ = 4.8 * 10^-8
When heat evaporates, it extracts the heat of vaporization from the skin.
This heat of vaporization is about _____cal/gram at normal BT.
580
The molecular weight of air is:
28.9
Total heat lost via respiration is _____.
200 cal/min
The fixed point that which ice, liquid, and water vapor exist in equilibrium is called the _____ _____ of water.
triple point
The water vapor pressure at the triple point is _______mmHg.
4.58 mmHg
The temperature at the triple point of water is _______ Kelvin.
273.16 Kelvin or 0.01ºC
The temperature at which steam and liquid water are in equilibrium is _____ºC
100ºC
Addition of heat energy to a body can cause various affects such as (2):
volume expansion
change of phase
Heat loss from the body by radiation is exemplied by the _______ ______ ____.
E= eσ(T1^4- T2^4 )
Stefan Boltzmann Law
Body heat loss by radiation, convection, evaporation, respiration:
- 40%
- 30%
- 20%
- 10% (8% evaporation of water, 2% heating of air)
