heat and temp Flashcards
outline the difference between heat and temperature
heat is a form of energy transferred through conduction, convection or radiation while temperature is a measure of the amount of thermal energy
describe the process of conduction
conduction is the transfer of heat from one particle to another thorugh direct particla to partcal contact. Heat transfers from hotter temp particles which are vibrating faster to the cooler temp particles which are vibrating smaller. The particles in these entities will reach an equillibrium after transferring the vibrations thorugh all the particles.
describe the process of convection
convection is the flow of heat in liquids and gas and the hotter particles rises because htey are less dense than the cooler particles and when they cool down they sink back down bc they got dense. The cooler particles heat up and rise up becuase they have become less dense which creates a convection current because the liquid or gas is being heated by another source.
describe the process of radiation
radiation is the transfer of thermal energy ny electromagnetic waves
what material does conduction mainly occur in
solids, because the particles are more tightly packed together
what material does convection mainly occur in
fluids (liquids, gases)
what material does radiation mainly occur in
all, radiation doesnt require any medium to transfer thermal energy
what is heat
the total energy of all particles within a substance
what is expanding and contracting
as a substance heats up, the particles vibrate and become further apart, thus EXPANDING. when particles cool down, the particles slow down and move closer together, thus CONTRACTING
what are the different ways radiation hits a surface
absorption, reflection or transmission
what is absorption (radiation)
when the surface absorbs most of the energy
what is reflection (radiation)
when the surface rejects the energy and bounces it off
what is transmission (radiation)
when the energy goes straight through the surface
what happens to the temperature when it gets absorbed, transmitted or reflected
ABSORBED- temperature of object quickly increases as its quickly absorbed
TRANSMITTED- temperature of the object doesnt increase quickly bc there’s nothing to intercept the energy
REFLECTION- the temperature doesnt increase quickly bc most of it is reflected
