Heat and Cold therapy Flashcards
Which heat therapy modality has an advantage of being able to perform ROM activities during treatment
Fluidotherapy
What method of heat transfer does fluidotherapy use
Convection
What method of heat transfer does heat lamp radiation
Conversion
What modality converts sound waves to thermal energy
Ultrasound
What method of conversion heat therapy uses superficial heat
Infrared/heat lamps
The most commonly used frequency in shortwave diathermy
27.12 MHz
What’s the intensity on ultrasound prescription
1.2 - 1.8 W/cm2
4 indications for short wave diathermy
- Myalgia
- Muscle spasms
- Refractory Pelvic inflammatory disease
- Chronic prostatitis
What method of heat transfer does paraffin bath use
Conduction
What method of short wave diathermy is indicated when you want to heat more superficial muscles or joints
Inductive coil method
What modality converts radio wave energy to thermal energy
Short wave diathermy
What temperatures can result in tissue injury
> 113 F or < 32 F
>45 C or < 0 C
What method of heat transfer does shortwave diathermy use
Conversion
What method of heat transfer uses fluid circulation over surface of a body
Convection
What method of heat transfer uses direct contact between 2 bodies at different temperatures
Conduction
What nonthermal effect of us can lead to tissue disruption
Acoustic cavitation because of gas bubbles
What method of heat transfer does hydrotherapy use
Convection
What are the 3 modalities used for deep heat
Ultrasound, short wave diathermy and microwave diathermy
What 2 features of us allows it to be beneficial for wounds?
Acoustic streaming and acoustic cavitation
What tissue is ultrasound absorbed most in? Least in?
Most = Bone Least = fat
What is it called when heating pads cause skin mottling
Erythema ab igne
Duration for ultrasound prescription
5-10 min per site
What is 1 really important contraindication for short wave diathermy
Implanted metals/IUD
What method of heat transfer does contrast bath use
Convection
Which of the three methods of heat transfer focus on superficial heating and deep heating
Conduction and convection focus on superficial heating, conversion focuses on deep heating
3 main methods of heat transfer
Convection, conduction, conversion
Metabolic requirement and heat
For every 10 degrees increase in skin temperature, there is a 100% increase in metabolic demand
What kind of tank is used for total body vs partial body immersion
Total body - hubbard tank
Partial body - whirlpool bath
Which diathermy method penetrates tissues the deepest? Most superficial?
Deepest = Ultrasound
Most superficial = microwave
What method of heat transfer uses electromagnetic radiation into heat energy
Conversion
What method of short wave diathermy is indicated for subq adipose tissue and deeper joints
Condensor method/capacitive method
Effect of cold on BP
Increase SBP and DBP
Phonophoresis
Technique that uses US to drive medications through the skin by increasing cell permeability
What method of heat transfer does ultrasound use
Conversion
What nerve fibers does cold act on to decrease spasticity
Ia and Ib (golgi tendon organ) and II (muscle spindle)
Why is heat therapy contraindicated in scar tissue
Scar tissue has decreased vascular supply and so it can’t provide good blood flow to the heat area, and since the heated area results in increase metabolic demand, this may cause ischemic necrosis
What are 2 things that cold therapy acts on to decrease spasticity
Decreases Golgi tendon organ and muscle spindle activity
What method of heat transfer uses reflex hyperemia
Contrast baths
What method of heat transfer does hot water use
Conduction
What is the frequency for ultrasound prescription
0.8 - 1.1 MHz
