Electrotherapy Flashcards
3 main types of electrotherapy
Iontophoresis, Transcutaneous nerve stimulation, neuromuscular electrical stimulation
What nerve fiber does TENS unit stimulate?
Large myelinated type Ia nerve fibers (A-beta fibers)
5 different types of stimulators for TENS
- Conventional
- Acupuncture
- Burst
- Hyperstimulation
- Modulated
Which stimulator is good for acute msk pain
Acupuncture
What 3 main things does NMES improve?
Muscle mass, CO, SV
What spinal tract does TENS unit affect to stop transmission of pain according to gait control theory?
Posterolateral tract of pain and temperature
Devices or systems that provide fns are called
Neuroprostheses
What muscles are stimulated with NMES for shoulder subluxation in hemiplegic limb
Posterior deltoid and supraspinatus
High vs low frequency and the type of fiber it stimulates
High frequency stimulates type 2 fibers and low frequency stimulates type 1 fibers
Successful use of NMES requires what is intact?
Alpha motor neuron must be intact
Which stimulator offers high frequency, low intensity
Conventional
Which stimulator is good for neuropathic pain
Conventional
What is iontophoresis
A medication with a charge is delivered through the skin with a low electrical current
Which type of stimulator offers the most effective type of stimulation
Conventional
Most common type of electrodes used in NMES
External - transcutaneous
Where are the electrodes for TENS typically placed?
Over peripheral nerve distribution
TENS has a placebo effect of how much %age?
30-35%
Which stimulator offers low frequency high intensity
Acupuncture
Uses for iontophoresis
Plantar fasciitis, tendinitis, bursitis
Emg-fes
Emg sensors triggers functional estim once threshold is reached
Open vs closed Functional electrical stimulation
Open uses manual feedback and is operated manually.
Closed uses automatic feedback and is operated by computer.
Which stimulator offers high frequency high intensity
Hyperstimulation
