Heat Flashcards
What are the different ways heat can be produced?
Heat can be produced by mechanical
What is the relationship between heat energy and the internal energy of a body?
The relationship between heat energy and the internal energy of a body is that the total internal energy equals the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy due to molecular motion and attraction.
How can you feel the difference between a hot and cold object?
You can feel the difference between a hot and cold object based on the direction of heat flow.
What is the unit of heat in SI and CGS systems?
The unit of heat in SI system is joule (J) and in CGS system it is erg.
How are calories and joules related?
Calories and joules are related such that 1 calorie is equal to 4.186 joules.
What is the definition of temperature?
Temperature is defined as the degree of hotness or coldness of a body which determines the direction of heat flow when two bodies are placed in contact.
What factors affect the heat energy contained in a body?
The factors that affect the heat energy contained in a body are mass
What is the unit of temperature in kelvin?
The unit of temperature in kelvin is Kelvin (K).
How are Celsius and Kelvin temperatures related?
Celsius and Kelvin temperatures are related by the equation K = 273.15 + °C.
How are Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures related?
Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures are related by the equation C/5 = (F-32)/9.
What is thermal expansion?
Thermal expansion is the expansion of a substance due to heating.
What is the unique property of water related to thermal expansion?
The unique property of water related to thermal expansion is anomalous expansion where water expands when cooled from 4°C to 0°C.
What instrument demonstrates the anomalous expansion of water?
Hope’s apparatus demonstrates the anomalous expansion of water.
Describe the design of Hope’s apparatus.
Hope’s apparatus consists of a cylindrical vessel surrounded by an annular trough filled with a freezing mixture of ice and salt with thermometers placed at the top and bottom of the vessel to measure temperature variations.
What is the initial temperature reading in both thermometers?
The initial temperature reading in both thermometers is the same.
What happens to the lower thermometer reading as the central water cools?
The lower thermometer reading decreases to 4°C and stays steady.
What happens to the upper thermometer reading during this time?
The upper thermometer reading remains almost unchanged during this time.
What happens to the upper thermometer reading after the lower one reaches 4°C?
The upper thermometer reading decreases to 0°C indicating freezing.
Explain the reason for the different temperature readings observed in the experiment.
The different temperature readings observed in the experiment are due to density changes of water caused by anomalous expansion.
Calculate how many ergs are equal to 10 joules.
10 joules = 10 * 10^7 ergs = 10^8 ergs.
Convert a temperature of 20°C to kelvin.
20°C + 273.15 = 293.15 K.
If the mass of a body increases will its heat energy also increase? Explain.
Yes if the mass of a body increases its heat energy will also increase because heat energy depends on mass.
