Heart Structure

Question 1

What are the main parts of the heart

Answer 1

• The heart coverings
• The heart wall
• The heart chambers

Question 2

Describe the parts of the heart wall

Answer 2

1) Epicardium: internal layer
2) Myocardium: formed of cardiac muscle, is the bulk of the heart
3) Endocardium: lines the heart chambers and covers the fibrous Skelton of the valves

Question 3

Describe the main chambers of the heart

Answer 3

The Right Atrium receives oxygen-poor blood from the body and pumps it to the right ventricle. The Right Ventricle pumps the oxygen-poor blood to the lungs. The Left Atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle. The left ventricle pumps the oxygen-rich blood through the aortic valve to the rest of the body.

Superior Vena Cava: Returns blood from the body regions above the diaphragm
Inferior Vena Cava: Returns blood from the body regions below the diaphragm

Question 4

Describe the function of the two ventricles

Answer 4

Right Ventricle: Pumps blood to pulmonary artery

Left Ventricle: Pumps to the aorta

Question 5

Describe the function of the Left Atrium

Answer 5

Left Atrium: Receives blood from 4 pulmonary veins.

The left atrium receives the now oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and pumps it into the left ventricle.

Question 6

Describe the function of the Right Atrium

Answer 6

Right Atrium: Receives blood from the Superior Vena Cava

Question 7

Describe the function of the Inferior Vena Cava

Answer 7

The inferior vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the heart.

Question 8

Describe the function of the Superior Vena Cava

Answer 8

Superior Vena Cava: Returns blood from the body regions above the diaphragm

Question 9

Describe the function of the Vales

Answer 9

Blood in the heart flows in one direction. The valves prevent the blood from flowing ‘backwards’. There are 4 valves

Question 10

How many valves does the heart have

Answer 10

4