Heart pt. 1 Flashcards
unit 1
SVC
carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body back to the heart
What are the two types of chambers in the heart responsible for receiving blood?
Right and Left atria
What are the two types of chambers in the heart responsible for pumping blood?
Right and Left ventricles
What separates the right and left atria?
Interatrial septum
What separates the right and left ventricles?
Interventricular septum
What type of circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?
Pulmonary circulation
What type of circulation carries oxygenated blood to the body?
Systemic circulation
What is the anatomical location of the heart called?
Mediastinum
What is the outer layer of the heart called?
Pericardium
What are the two layers of the pericardium?
- Visceral
- Parietal (Epicardium)
What is the cavity called that contains fluid around the heart?
Pericardial cavity
What are the three layers of the heart wall?
- Myocardium
- Endocardium
- Epicardium
What is the primary function of the coronary circulation?
Supply blood to the heart muscle
What are the two main coronary arteries?
- Left coronary artery
- Right coronary artery
What condition is characterized by chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart?
Angina pectoris
What is a myocardial infarction often caused by?
Plaques rupture and a clot forms in coronary arteries
What do the superior and inferior vena cavae do?
Bring deoxygenated blood to the right atrium
What are the four pulmonary veins responsible for?
Bringing oxygenated blood to the left atrium
What are the two types of atrioventricular valves?
- Tricuspid (Right AV)
- Mitral (Bicuspid, Left AV)
What are chordae tendinae?
Fibrous cords that connect the atrioventricular valves to the papillary muscles
What is the role of semilunar valves?
Prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles
What is the function of cardiac muscle cells?
Contract and pump blood
What type of junctions are found in cardiac muscle cells that allow for synchronized contraction?
Intercalated discs
What is the primary pacemaker of the heart?
Sinoatrial node
Fill in the blank: The sequence of excitation in the heart includes the SA node, AV node, AV bundle, R and L bundle branches, and _______.
Purkinje fibers
True or False: The aortic semilunar valve opens when the left ventricle contracts.
True
What happens to the atrioventricular valves when the ventricles contract?
They close due to increased pressure
right pulmonary artery
carries deoxygenated blood from the RV of the heart to the right lung
aorta branches
brachiocephalic trunk
L common carotid artery
L subclavian artery
arteries
pump into veins
left pulmonary artery
carries deoxygenated blood
aorta carries…
oxygenated blood
inferior vena cava carries,
deoxygenated blood
valves prevent..
back flow of blood
pulmonary veins
receive oxygenated blood from the lungs
ventricles
pump blood
atria
receives blood from veins
