Heart Murmurs Flashcards
What causes third heart sound?
- Normal finding in 15-40 year olds
- Heart failure-> stiffening + weakness of ventricles and chordae tendinae
What causes fourth heart sound?
Stiff or hypertrophic ventricle-> turbulent flow from atria contracting against non-compliant ventricle
What sort of murmur is found in mitral stenosis?
- Mid-diastolic
- Low pitched rumbling
- Loud S1
- Radiates to left axilla
What sort of murmur is found in mitral regurgitation?
- Pan systolic
- High pitched whistling
What sort of murmur is found in aortic stenosis?
- Ejection systolic
- High pitched
- Crescendo-decrescendo
- Radiates to carotids
What sort of murmur is found in aortic regurgitation?
- Early diastolic
- Soft
- Austin-flint-> early diastolic rumbling murmur
What sort of murmur is found in ASD?
- Mid diastolic
- Crescendo-decrescendo
What sort of murmur is found in VSD?
Pansystolic
What sort of murmur is found in coarctation of the aorta?
Systolic
What sort of murmur is found in patent ductus arteriosus?
- Continuous machinery murmur
- Crescendo-decrescendo
What sort of murmur is found in tetralogy of fallot?
Ejection systolic
What defects can cause a pan-systolic murmur?
- VSD
- Mitral regurgitation
- Tricuspid regurgitation
What defects can cause an ejection systolic murmur?
- Aortic stenosis
- Pulmonary stenosis
- Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
What defects can cause a mid-diastolic murmur?
- ASD
- Mitral stenosis
What defects can cause an early diastolic murmur?
-Aortic regurgitation
