Heart Failure Nemecek Flashcards
What is the hallmark symptom of HF?
Orthopnea
What are the 5 physical symptoms of HF?
- Dyspnea
- Orthpnea
- Cough
- Fatigue
- Nausea and poor appetite
What are 5 signs of HF?
- Pulmonary edema
- Cool extremities
- Cardiomegaly
- Peripheral edema
- Venous status changes
What is synthesized and released from the ventricle due to stress or volume overload?
BNP
What level of BNP is considered elevated?
> 100 pg/mL
What would you give for a high BNP?
Diuretics
Why would serum creatinine be increased in HF?
Due to hypoperfusion
What indicates volume overload and is associated with worse outcomes?
Hyponatremia
HFrEF has an ejection fraction of ____
< 40%
HFpEF has an ejection fraction of ____
> 60%
What class?: patient has no limitations. Ordinary activity does not cause dyspnea, fatigue or palpitations
Class 1
What class? : patient has a slight limitation when doing physical activity, but is comfortable at rest. Ordinary physical activity results in fatigue, palpitations, or dyspnea
Class 2
What class? : patient is comfortable at rest, but when doing less than ordinary activity experiences fatigue, palpitations or dyspnea
Class 3
What class? : patient is unable to carry out any physical activity without discomfort and has symptoms of HF when at rest
Class 4
Who gets ACE/ARB?
Anyone with a decreased EF
