Heart Failure Flashcards
1
Q
HF signs and symptoms
A
Sy: congestion, dyspnea, orthopnea, fatigue
Si: S3, Rale, Jugular vein distention, pitting edema
Systolic dysfunction: ⬇️Ef, ⬆️EDV, ⬇️contractility sue to MI or dilated CMP
Diastolic dysfunction: preserved EF, normal EDV, ⬇️compliance, ⬆️EDP due to myocardial hypertrophy
2
Q
Hf tx
A
⬇️mortality:
ACEI
Beta blocker (except in acute decompensated)
Spironolacton
Symptom relieve: thiazide / loop diuretic
Both symptom and mortality: hydralazine with nitrate
3
Q
Cor pulmonale
A
Isolated Rt HF due to pulmonary cause
4
Q
Lt HF
A
- Orthopnea (supine): ⬆️venous return from redistribution of blood (immediately standing) exacerbates pulmonary vascular congestion
- PND: redistribution and reabsorption of pulmonary edema
- PE: presence of HF cells or hemosiderin-laden macrophages in lung, pulmonary venous pressure ⬆️: distention and transudation
5
Q
Rt HF
A
- Hepatomegaly: ⬆️ CVP: ⬆️ portal resistance : cardiac cirrhosis or nutmeg liver
- JV distention: ⬆️venous pressure
- Peripheral Edema: same