Heart Failure Flashcards

1
Q

HF signs and symptoms

A

Sy: congestion, dyspnea, orthopnea, fatigue
Si: S3, Rale, Jugular vein distention, pitting edema

Systolic dysfunction: ⬇️Ef, ⬆️EDV, ⬇️contractility sue to MI or dilated CMP

Diastolic dysfunction: preserved EF, normal EDV, ⬇️compliance, ⬆️EDP due to myocardial hypertrophy

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2
Q

Hf tx

A

⬇️mortality:
ACEI
Beta blocker (except in acute decompensated)
Spironolacton

Symptom relieve: thiazide / loop diuretic

Both symptom and mortality: hydralazine with nitrate

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3
Q

Cor pulmonale

A

Isolated Rt HF due to pulmonary cause

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4
Q

Lt HF

A
  • Orthopnea (supine): ⬆️venous return from redistribution of blood (immediately standing) exacerbates pulmonary vascular congestion
  • PND: redistribution and reabsorption of pulmonary edema
  • PE: presence of HF cells or hemosiderin-laden macrophages in lung, pulmonary venous pressure ⬆️: distention and transudation
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5
Q

Rt HF

A
  • Hepatomegaly: ⬆️ CVP: ⬆️ portal resistance : cardiac cirrhosis or nutmeg liver
  • JV distention: ⬆️venous pressure
  • Peripheral Edema: same
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