heart failure

Question 1

what happens to the heart when you increase renal sodium reabsorption

Answer 1

it will increase blood pressure but also increase volume of circulating blood.

Question 2

what does the release of aldosterone do?

Answer 2

increases sodium reabsorption and decreases potassium reabsorption

Question 3

what does the angiotensin 2 do?

Answer 3

it increases vasoconstriction to increase blood pressure.

Question 4

what do ACE inhibitors do?

Answer 4

they inhibit ACE which is needed to turn angiotensinogen into angiotensin 1 so they reduce vasoconstriction and reduce blood pressure.
they decrease salt/water3 retention so a smaller volume circulating

Question 5

what is an alternative to ACE inhibitors?

Answer 5

A1 receptor antagonists. angiotensin2 binds to A1 receptors so by blocking these it has the same effect as ACEI

Question 6

what is the length tension theory?

Answer 6

however much extra volume of blood is returned to the heart by the venous circulation (EDV) is also ejected out of the heart because of the properties of the muscle fibres being able to increase the force of contractility as there is greater stretch in the fibres.