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Pharma 3 > Heart Failure > Flashcards

Heart Failure Flashcards

1
Q

Phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitors

A

Inamrinone

Milrinone

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2
Q

Decrease cAMP breakdown

A

Inamrinone

Milrinone

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3
Q

Inamrinone and milrinone effects

A

Vasodilation
Dec peripheral vascular resistance
INCREASE CARDIAC CONTRACTILITY

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4
Q

Applications of Inamrinone and Milrinone

A

Acute DECOMPENSATED heart failure

Increase mortality in chronic failure

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5
Q

Inamrinone and Milrinone ROA and duration

A

Only IV

3-6 hrs

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6
Q

Main toxicity of Bypiridines

A

ARRYTHMIAS

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7
Q

Nesiritide class

A

Natriuretic Peptides

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8
Q

If Inamrinone and Milrinone dec cAMP breakdown, Nesiritide?

A

Directly increases cGMP by activating BNP receptors

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9
Q

Nesiritide effects other than Vasodilation?

A

Diuresis

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10
Q

Drugs that are used without reducing mortality

A

Nesiritide

Digoxin

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11
Q

Nesiritide ROA and duration

A

IV only

18 MINUTES

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12
Q

Nesiritide toxicity

A

RENAL DAMAGE

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13
Q

Spirinolactone targets Aldosterone receptors in the?

A

Collecting Ducts

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14
Q

Effects of enhancing salt and water excretion of Spirinolactone in the heart?

A

Dec remodelling

Dec mortality

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15
Q

Drugs that shown to reduce mortality in CHRONIC HEART FAILURE?

A

Spirinolactone
Captopril
Carvedilol

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16
Q

Spirinolactone ROA and duration that shows SLOW onset and offset?

A

Oral

24-72 hrs

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17
Q

Hyperkalemia with antiandrogenic actions are toxicities of?

A

Spirinolactone

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18
Q

ACE inhibitor used in Heart Failure

A

Captopril

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19
Q

Captopril effects

A

Microvessels dilatation
Dec remodeling
Dec aldosterone secretion

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20
Q

Extra-cardiac applications of Captopril

A

Diabetic Renal Disease

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21
Q

Captopril ROA, Duration and Half life

A

Oral
Half-life 2-4hrs
Duration 12-24 hrs

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22
Q

More selective, no antiandrogen effect and reduces HF mortality than SPIRINOLACTONE

A

Eplerenone

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23
Q

Toxicity: Hyperkalemia, Angioneurotic edema and cough

A

CAPTOPRIL

24
Q

Other ACE inhibitors and ARBs used in HF

A

Enalapril; Candesartan

25
Q

Losartan has the same effects as Captopril which are?

A

Microvessels dilatation
Dec Remodeling
Dec aldosterone secretion

26
Q

Losartan ROA and duration

A

Oral

6-8 hrs

27
Q

Losartan = Captopril in toxicity except

A

COUGH, ARBs ang gamitin

28
Q

B Blockers that reduce HF mortality

A

Carvedilol
Metoprolol
Bisoprolol
Nebivolol

29
Q

Drugs for Chronic heart failure

A

Captopril
Carvedilol
Digoxin

30
Q

Drugs for acute decompensated HF

A 
Inamrinone and Milrinone 
Nesiritide
Nitropusside
Dobutamine
Dopamine
31
Q

Carvedilol ROA and Duration

A

Oral

10-12 hrs

32
Q

Common toxicity of Carvedilol

A

Bronchospasm
AV Block
ACUTE CARDIAC DECOMPENSATION

33
Q

Digoxin MOA

A

Inhibition of Na/K ATPase pump, reduce Ca expulsion thereby increasing Ca storage in the sarcopladmic reticulum

34
Q

Contradicting effects of INCREASE CONTRACTILITY and PARASYMPATHOMIMETIC is observed in what drug?

A

Digoxin

35
Q

Digoxin distinct Clinical Application

A

Rapid ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation

36
Q

Digoxin ROA and duration

A

Oral and Parenteral

36-40 hrs

37
Q

Digoxin toxicity

A

Cardiac Arrythmias
Nausea and Vomiting
DIARRHEA

38
Q

Drug used for HF that has VENODILATION

A

Isosorbide dinitrate

39
Q

Aside from VENODILATION, ISD does

A

Reduction of ventricular stretch and preload

40
Q

Drug that is used for ANGINA, ACUTE AND CHRONIC HF

A

ISD

41
Q

ISD ROA and duration

A

Oral

4-6 hrs

42
Q

Drugs under Bypiridines

A

Inamrinone

Milrinone

43
Q

ISD is synergistic with?

A

PDE5 inhibitors

44
Q

Dilatory targets of Hydralazine

A

Arterioles

45
Q

Reduces BP and AFTERLOAD thereby increase CO

A

Hydralazine

46
Q

Hydralazine + Nitrates

A

Reduce HF mortality

47
Q

Hydralazine ROA and duration

A

8-12 hrs

Oral

48
Q

Famous Arteriole and Vein dilator

A

Nitropusside

49
Q

Since Nitropusside affects arterioles and veins in dilation, they also reduces?

A

Afterload and Preload

50
Q

Nitropusside ROA and duration

A

IV

1-2 minutes

51
Q

CYANIDE POISONING

A

Nitropusside

52
Q

It is a beta selective agonist that increase cAMP synthesis

A

Dobutamine

53
Q

Dobutamine effects

A

Increase CO and contractility

54
Q

Intermittent Therapy in Chronic Heart Failure

A

Dobutamine

55
Q

Similarity of Dobutamine and Dopamine?

A

For ACUTE DECOMPENSATED HEART FAILURE and Toxicity (Arrhythmia)

56
Q

How can you activate both a and b receptor using dopamine?

A

Give large doses

Sus basic

57
Q

Dopamine application aside from ADHF?

A

Shock

Pharma 3 (3 decks)

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